Background: In some disorders such as diabetes mellitus patients can display depressive symptoms. Metformin is among the first-line treatments for management of the type 2 diabetes mellitus which may have some anti-depressant effect. Objective: Current investigation was performed to examine the anti-depressant effects of metformin and the involvement of nitric oxide (NO) in this way, in an expe...

Vitamin C and taurine (TR) are well known as active components for fatigue recovery. However, the mechanism of anti-fatigue effects vitamin TR is still unclear. Our study was designed to evaluate activities in an animal test compare between TR. Materials Methods: C, or their combination were orally administrated mice once daily 15 days, then metabolic such blood glucose, triglyceride (TG), lact...

asperugo procumbents l. has been used in iranian traditional medicine for the refreshing, tranquillizing and mood elevating activities. the present study was undertaken to evaluate the antidepressant and sedative-hypnotic potential of acute administration of the hydroalcoholic extract of this plant in mice.additionally, the effects of flumazenil on the hypnotic activity of the extracts were eva...

withania somnifera (ws) possess anti-inflammatory and antioxidant properties. ws preparations have a potential therapeutic role in the central nervous system (cns) related disorders in animal models. in this study, the possible protective effect of acute aqueous ws root extract on behavioral despair was explored and compared with fluoxetine, an antidepressant with selective serotonin (5-ht) reu...

objective in traditional medicine, echium spp., including e. vulgare l., are utilized as exhilarant and mood stimulant. on the other hand, depression is a state of intense sadness, melancholia or despair that has advanced to the point of being disruptive to an individual's social functioning and/or activities of daily living. therefore, finding effective and safe treatments is a hotly cont...

Depressive disorders increase the risks of self-harm or even suicide in patients. Indigenous drugs are being tried to treat such patient along with conventional antidepressant drugs. This study was planned to investigate the antidepressant action of Ashwagandha and Bramhi and also to confirm its efficacy in the behavioural despair animal model of depression. Normal saline as control (5 ml/kg), ...

Adenosine A2A receptors (A2AR) are a sub-type of receptors enriched in basal ganglia, activated by the neuromodulator adenosine, which interact with dopamine D2 receptors. Although this reciprocal antagonistic interaction is well-established in motor function, the outcome in dopamine-related behaviors remains uncertain, in particular in depression and anxiety. We have demonstrated an upsurge of...

INTRODUCTION Depressive disorder is a prevalent psychiatric disorder, which affects 21% of the world population. The presently using drugs can impose a variety of side-effects including cardiac toxicity, hypopiesia, sexual dysfunction, body weight gain, and sleep disorder. During the last decade, there is a growing interest in the therapeutic effects of natural products on mental disorders. Ama...

Introduction: Depressive disorder is a prevalent psychiatric disorder, which affects 21% of the world population. The presently using drugs can impose a variety of side-effects including cardiac toxicity, hypopiesia, sexual dysfunction, body weight gain, and sleep disorder. During the last decade, there is a growing interest in the therapeutic effects of natural products on mental disorders. Am...

OBJECTIVE Many pharmacological activities have been reported in Sambucus (S.) genus. The aim of present study was to investigate antidepressant activities of different parts of S. ebulus and S. nigra. MATERIALS AND METHODS Antidepressant activity of methanolic extracts were evaluated by forced swimming test (FST) and tail suspension tests (TST) in male Swiss albino mice. RESULTS Extracts sh...