Penile length is very important for evaluation of the normal external genitalia and detection genital anomalies such as macro- micro-penis. Establishing a population, age specific reference range penile helps in both accurate size early any abnormalities

the results of 10 year clinico - pathologic study about female genital tuberculosis in isfahan are reported. the main aims of this investigation were to study and review the tuberculosis of female genital tract to evaluate the influence of treatment and above all, to attempt to gain a better insight into the relation of infertility to this disease. in this study the following points have been t...

A new monotypic genus of ricaniid planthoppers (Hemiptera: Fulgoromorpha: Ricaniidae) from New Georgia Island (Solomon Islands), Kazukuru gen. nov. , is described for K. zingiberis sp. (type species). Habitus, female, external and internal genital structures the species are illustrated.

BACKGROUND Although condoms most likely prevent HIV infection, evidence of their effectiveness against other sexually transmitted diseases is mixed. GOAL The goal of the study was to determine whether condom use prevents genital human papillomavirus (HPV) infection and HPV-related conditions. STUDY DESIGN We conducted a literature review and meta-analysis of the effect of condom use on the ...

Sir, Imiquimod, an immune response modi® er, has been successful in the treatment of external genital and perianal warts caused by low-risk HPV, usually types 6 or 11 (1). The drug’s antiviral and antitumour properties are thought to be due to its induction of cytokines, which stimulate a T-helper 1 or cell-mediated immune response. Recently, it has been shown that imiquimod may potentially be ...

The prevalence of HPV infection in Latin America is among the highest in the world. A quadrivalent (types 6/11/16/18) human papillomavirus L1 virus-like-particle vaccine has been shown to be 95-100% effective in preventing HPV 6/11/16/18-related cervical and genital disease in women naive to vaccine HPV types. A total of 6,004 female subjects aged 9-24 were recruited from Brazil, Mexico, Colomb...

External genitalia are one of the most rapidly evolving morphological features in insects. In the Drosophila melanogaster species subgroup, males possess a nonfertilizing external genital structure, called the posterior lobe, which is highly divergent among even closely related species. A previous study on this subgroup mapped two genomic regions that affect lobe size and four that affect lobe ...

The highly masculinized genitalia of female spotted hyenas Crocuta crocuta is unique among mammals: Crocuta have no external vagina so urination, penile intromission and parturition take place through the clitoris, which mimics a fully erectile male penis. Among hyenids, virilization of external female genitalia has previously been observed only in Crocuta, so functional explanations of masculi...

OBJECTIVE To summarize and determine the appropriate use for the new and old management tools for genital warts. SOURCES OF INFORMATION The following databases were searched: MEDLINE, PubMed, EMBASE, Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews, Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials, ACP Journal Club, and Trip. The bibliographies of retrieved papers were also reviewed. Clinical trials, qu...