The transport systems are dependent on the fossil fuels especially liquid fuels and these fuels are depleting at much faster rate than production. The consumption of fossil fuels is very unstable and directly affects the economy of our country as we are importing it from other nations so this factor has urged us to find other alternatives to prolong the usage of petroleum. Thus, by using bio-fu...

The use of bio-ethanol as an alternative diesel engine fuel is increasing rapidly. Bioethanol is mixed with diesel fuel in different ratios and used in CI and SI engines. Vibrations have direct effects on engine components and users when the engine is operated on a vehicle. For this reason, analysis of vibration resulting from combustion in IC engines is very important. In this study, evaluatio...

Fuel ethanol production is one of the fastest growing segments in American agriculture. Currently, there are 83 ethanol plants in production, with an additional 16 ethanol plants under construction. These ethanol plants have production capacity of 4.3 billion gallons of ethanol per year (Renewable Fuels Association, December, 2004). Approximately 40% of fuel ethanol is produced by wet-mills, an...

president, turned up in Cannes last month to promote his new documentary on the dangers of global warming, amid speculation that he may stage a political comeback on the basis of an issue which is increasingly dividing George Bush's administration and the Democrat opposition in the face of rising fuel prices. He arrived in France to showcase An Inconvenient Truth, a film that issues alarming pr...

To study the potential effects of increased biofuel use, we evaluated six representative analyses of fuel ethanol. Studies that reported negative net energy incorrectly ignored coproducts and used some obsolete data. All studies indicated that current corn ethanol technologies are much less petroleum-intensive than gasoline but have greenhouse gas emissions similar to those of gasoline. However...

Analytical models provide useful information for researchers to study fuel cell function. In this paper, it’s aimed to present a 2D analytical model for direct ethanol fuel cell (DEFC) performance. The model included equations inside diffusion layer, catalyst layer, and Ethanol cross-over through membrane, which all have been solved. Analytical model has been validated by some experimental tria...

Based on an analysis of several case studies of alternative fuel introductions [ethanol, biodiesel, liquefied petroleum gas (LPG), compressed natural gas (CNG)], requirements for alternative fuels, vehicles, and the fueling infrastructure are postulated that are necessary for successful market implementation. Affordable vehicle technology and costcompetitive fuel were identified as the most cri...

A simple dilute-and-shoot procedure for determination of Cr, Ni, Pb and V in ethanol fuel by Microwave Plasma-Atomic Emission Spectrometry (MP-AES) is proposed. Samples were easily prepared and neither special nor expensive gases were needed for performing analyses. All limits of detection from 0.3–40 μg/L were compatible with the requirements taken into account when considering fuel impacts on...

A flow injection enthalpimetric method for the determination of ethanol in fuel-grade ethanol, based on the heat of dilution of ethanol, is described. The accuracy and precision were 0.05% of ethanol; interferences by several substances are discussed. A similar procedure was also applied to the determination of ethanol in wines and spirits after distillation, yielding a precision of 0.0%0.1% of...

The aim of this research is to study the influence of using ethanol-gasoline fuel blends on spark ignition engine performance characteristics and compare the obtained results with those using base gasoline. An electric generator operated by a SI (spark ignition, four stroke, single cylinder, air cooled) engine was used for conducting this study. The tested fuels were gasoline (E0) and gasoline-...