This paper aims to propose and justify a framework for understanding the concept of personhood in both biological artificial entities. The is based on set requirements that make up suitable cognitive architecture an entity be considered person, including ability have propositionally structured intentional states, having form sensory capabilities, means interacting with environment. case individ...

Emile Durkheim (1858-1917) is considered one of the "fathers" of sociology because of his effort to establish sociology as a discipline distinct from philosophy and psychology. This effort is evident in the two main themes that permeate Durkheim's work: the priority of the social over the individual and the idea that society can be studied scientifically. Durkheim's concept of social facts, in ...

the years 1702–1706 brought into sharp contrast conflicting Šiews of the body in popular belief and Lutheran pastoral theology, and in the secularizing project of the early Enlightenment. The dispute centred on the practical, local implications of territorialism, a theory of church subordination to the state deŠeloped in the 1690s by the Saxon jurist Christian Thomasius (1655–1728), the most in...

Over the past four years, the Open University has been working on an internal project of systems scholarship, called ‘Systems Thinkers’. We have examined the life and work of fifty key thinkers, held discussions on their significance, and are in the process of writing a book and a postgraduate course about these thinkers. This work has raised many interesting questions about the boundaries of s...

My solution to the problem of Dion and Theon (Burke 1994a) employs the doctrine of sortal essentialism.1 Jim Stone (2002) objects to my solution and proposes to weaken the doctrine so as to block my employment of it. Others question a different element of my solution: the maximality of personhood and thinkerhood. After opposing Stone's weakening of sortal essentialism, and responding in a preli...

This position paper reflects on why we want greater participation in the computing sciences, what ‘greater participation’ means and should mean, and on the particular characteristics of AI that recommend it as an enticement and way into computing. Primary tenets are that the need for and training of socially-engaged ‘computational thinkers’ (Wing, 2006) is the most important motivation for incr...

The subject of the article is problem crisis ideals generated by European Enlightenment and Modern era, as interpreted Russian thinkers first third 20th century. Building on conception Semyon Frank, author analyzes relationship between socio-political in version false “idols” that led Russia Europe to an unprecedented escalation evil early century, analyzed. Particular attention paid assumption...