The proliferation of compensators, due to their nonlinear characteristics raises concern over the distortion levels they cause in voltages and currents at the transmission level. In this paper, series compensation by Thyristor Controlled Series Capacitor (TCSC) and shunt compensation by STATCOM are investigated in terms of power quality and their effects on protective relays behavior. For each ...

Utility engineers and consultants use relay models to select the relay types suited for a particular application, and to analyze the performance of relays that appear to either operate incorrectly or fail to operate on the occurrence of a fault. Instead of using actual prototypes, manufacturers use relay model designing to expedite and economize the process of developing new relays. Electric po...

In the paper the results of investigations on the application of Artificial Intelligence (AI) methods to the out-ofstep (OS) protection of synchronous machines are presented. The main efforts have been focused on development of new Artificial Neural Network (ANN) based and mixed protection techniques which should ensure better (faster and more secure) detection of generator loss of synchronism....

Power electronic is rich in nonlinear dynamic. Its operation is characterized by cyclic switching of circuit topologies, which gives rise to different nonlinear behaviors. Among power electronic converters, DC/DC buck converters have been studied with constant-frequency pulse-width modulation feedback control in continuous conduction mode. Time-domain and phase-space plots for several periodic ...

This paper presents the protective effects of shield wire coupled with Metal Oxide Varistor (MOV) arresters in a distribution network located in a severe lightning area. The presented test case is the IEEE 34-node radial distribution test feeder injected with multiple lightning strokes and simulated with the Alternative Transients Program/ Electromagnetic Transients program (ATP/EMTP). The resp...

This paper is concerned with the protection of wind energy systems against the direct effects of lightning. As wind power generation undergoes rapid growth, lightning damages involving wind turbines have come to be regarded as a serious problem. Nevertheless, very few studies exist yet in Portugal regarding lightning protection of wind energy systems using numerical codes. A new case study is p...