Solid waste management practices itself is far from satisfactory, in India. Added to the above, is another problem of recent origin i.e. E-waste handling and management which has complicated waste management due to their unique properties than other solid wastes. The generation, separation, recycling and recovery of precious metals are still in its nascent state, almost all over India. In order...

The authors of this paper explore the nature, goal, functions and benefits of electronic trade facilitation and propose a model describing the evolution of various trade portals at the national, regional and global levels. The model is supported by a survey of over 100 cases of trade portals. Based on the proposed model, the authors make predictions regarding the future development of national,...

This paper introduces the concept of an electronic trade scenario as an aid to the management of (global) supply chains, and other forms of international, businessto-business electronic commerce. The problem addressed is the following. Competition demands that trade transactions be handled efficiently and securely. However, the same competitive environment also demands flexibility, and the abil...

communication. Later on electronic connections have been established to other financial institutions and to major business customers. The SWIFT network managing international payment transactions established in 1973, is an early example of this. A major barrier towards development of a full digital circuit, which includes all steps in production and distribution, has been the lack of an extensi...

Giving the fact that hi-tech products as a trade product have become quite crucial and critical in the growth of economies in many nations, the paper took electronic equipment manufacturing industry as an example. The aim of this study is to investigate the competitiveness of the selected electronic equipment manufacturing sectors in China in comparison with selected 19 countries in the world b...

continuum, allowing for intermediate cases, e.g. trading in an area where industry trading practices are well established and accepted. A central issue for open electronic contracting is in representing and negotiating the ways of doing business among the parties. For instance, is the purchase to be prepaid or post-paid? Will an invoice be sent? Is a receipt required for delivery? In convention...