The paper develops a model explaining why IMF programs are less likely to be concluded before national election dates. Since conclusion of an IMF arrangement may signal the incumbent’s incompetence, rational voters use this signal when deciding upon his re-election. In order to demonstrate competence, politicians may therefore decide not to conclude IMF programs prior to elections. The model al...

A general, modular technique for designing efficient leader finding algorithms in distributed. asynchronous networks is developed. This technique reduces the problem of efficient leader finding to a simpler problem of efficient serial traversing of the corresponding network. The message complexity of the resulting leader finding algorithms is bounded by (f(n)+n)(log2k+ 1) [or (f(m)+n)(log2k+ 1)...

I EEE is actively involved in creating standards for voting systems and related applications via the IEEE Voting System Standards Committee (VSSC/1622). An upcoming VSSC/1622.2 standard on election results reporting lets election officials organize election results and report them to the media. Another goal of VSSC/1622 is to improve US voting processes by creating a common data format (CDF) fo...

A population protocol stably elects a leader if, for all n, starting from an initial configuration with n agents each in an identical state, with probability 1 it reaches a configuration y that is correct (exactly one agent is in a special leader state `) and stable (every configuration reachable from y also has a single agent in state `). We show that any population protocol that stably elects...

Link reversal is an algorithmic method with various applications. Originally proposed by Gafni and Bertsekas in 1981 for routing in radio networks, it has been later applied also to solve concurrency related problems as mutual exclusion, resource allocation, and leader election. For resource allocation, conflicts can be represented by conflict graphs, and link reversal algorithms work on these ...

In existing simulation proof techniques, a single step in a low-level system may be simulated by an extended execution fragment in a high-level system. As a result, it is undecidable whether a given relation is a simulation, even if tautology checking is decidable for the underlying speciication logic. This paper introduces various types of normed simulations. In a normed simulation, each step ...

Methods for determining post-election audit sampling have been the subject of extensive recent research. This article • provides an overview of post-election audit sampling methods, focusing on risklimiting audits, • advances and improves three methods for calculating risk-limiting election audit samples, showing how to apply precise margin error bounds to improve the accuracy of existing metho...

Open list proportional representation is an election mechanism used in many elections, including the 2012 Hong Kong Legislative Council Geographical Constituencies election. In this paper, we assume that there are just two parties in the election, and that the number of votes that a list would get is the sum of the numbers of votes that the candidates in the list would get if each of them would...

Mobile Ad Hoc networks (MANET), distinct from traditional distributed systems, are dynamic and selforganizing networks. MANET requires a leader to coordinate and organize tasks. The challenge is to have the right election algorithm that chooses the right leader based on various factors in MANET. In this paper, we analyze four leader election algorithms used in mobile Ad Hoc Networks. Factors co...

'ote To· Hold Unloft 80ard Election· Agai~ . . '. ' , ': TJte SUI Union Board voted Tuesd:ly night to recall the March All· C!lJIlpUS Union Board election because the name of one of the candi· da~es was omitted when the ballots were printed.· • • ~h:n Newsome, A2, Des Moines, was not on thE' h!,lllJlt jn the 21 ,election. the new election wiJl be on April l"and 18. Only students ill the Col. le...