In all-digital phase-locked loops (ADPLLs), the quantization noise introduced by the frequency discretization in the digitally controlled oscillator (DCO) can affect the performance in terms of out-of-band phase noise. In particular, the additional quantization noise has to be kept significantly lower than the intrinsic oscillator phase-noise, mandating a very fine frequency resolution (e.g. le...

We report IRAM 30-m observations of DCN and DCO+ towards the galactic center molecular clouds Sgr B2 and Sgr A. We compare our results with simultaneous measurements of H13CN and HCO+ in order to derive estimates of the [DCN]/[HCN] and [DCO+]/[HCO] abundance ratios. We mapped Sgr B2 in DCN(2-1) and DCN(3-2) and we compared HCN with DCN for one position of our maps. The uncertainties in such mea...

Abstract We have conducted the first extensive observational survey of several deuterated species in 16 Class 0/I proto-brown dwarfs (proto-BDs) and 4 Flat/Class II brown dwarfs. Observations were obtained with IRAM 30m telescope DCO+ (3-2), DCN DNC N2D+ (3-2) lines. The DCO+/H13CO+, DCN/H13CN, DNC/HN13C ratios are comparatively higher show a narrower range than DCO+/HCO+, DCN/HCN, DNC/HNC rati...

This paper presents a DCO dithering technique which employs a finer fractional gain control to suppress nonlinear effect of a bang-bang digital PLL (BB-DPLL).

This paper studies a new design of the optimization algorithm for training deep learning models with fixed architecture classification network in continual framework. The data is non-stationary and non-stationarity imposed by sequence distinct tasks. We first analyze model trained on only one task isolation identify region parameter space, where performance close to recovered optimum. provide e...

RATIONALE Complex pelvic ring fracture associated with floating knee is comparatively rare which usually results from high-energy trauma including vehicle-related accidence, falls from height, and earthquake-related injury. To our knowledge, few literatures have documented such injuries in the individual patient. Management of both injuries present challenges for surgical management and postope...

The structure of the high galactic latitude Cometary Globule 12 (CG 12) has been investigated by means of radio molecular line observations. Detailed, high signal to noise ratio maps in C 18 O (1–0), C 18 O (2–1) and molecules tracing high density gas, CS (3–2), DCO + (2–1) and H 13 CO + (1–0), are presented. The C 18 O line emission is distributed in a 10 ′ long North-South elongated lane with...

Despite their high degree of reconfigurability and friendliness to technology scaling, traditional ADPLL-based frequency synthesizers tend to come at the price of increased power consumption at their feedback path, compared to charge-pump based solutions. The main power consumption bottleneck is the TDC that operates at the high output frequency rate. A modified version of the ADPLL architectur...

We present Submillimeter Array observations of several deuterated species in the disk around the classical T Tauri star TW Hydrae at arcsecond scales, including detections of the DCN J 1⁄4 3Y2 and DCO J 1⁄4 3Y2 lines and upper limits to the HDO 31;2Y22;1, ortho-H2D 11;0Y11;1, and para-D2H 11;0Y10;1 transitions. We also present observations of the HCN J 1⁄4 3Y2, HCO J 1⁄4 3Y2, and HCO J 1⁄4 4Y3 ...