1. Overview: The Neuroanatomy of Cognition Assessment of dementia requires a set of skills and knowledge that span several clinical domains. The clinician should be familiar with normal aging, brain anatomy, brain pathology that produces dementia and common disorders that mimic dementia. Clinicians should combine basic clinical evaluation skills with other disease-specific assessments to provid...

diagnostic status. Nevertheless, many clinicians are sceptical that personality can be assessed reliably and some hold that the diagnosis should be abandoned as being merely judgemental and pejorative (Lewis & Appleby, 1988). There is some basis for scepticism in respect of reliability in view of the evidence that even with operational criteria the clinical assessment of personality is not tran...

Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) should be suspected in any patient • aged 40 years or more with symptoms of cough, sputum production, or breathlessness and/or a history of exposure to risk factors, in particular smoking. When seeing patients with respiratory symptoms or smokers – think of COPD Do spirometry • Exclude differential diagnoses, perform chest x-ray • Assess functional i...

Clinical assessment of a client (could somebody tell me why client is politically correct and patient is not?) may seem to be almost of the past. History-taking is solved for us by the huge number of assessment lists there are now in existence. One simply has to feed information into the computer and out will come the answer. My own good colleague O’Brien and his coauthors in their recent (and ...

Tests of clinical competence, which allow decisions to be made about medical qualification and fitness to practise, must be designed with respect to key issues including blueprinting, validity, reliability, and standard setting, as well as clarity about their formative or summative function. Multiple choice questions, essays, and oral examinations could be used to test factual recall and applie...

Introduction: Objective Structured Clinical Examination (OSCE) is one of the most appropriate methods for assessment of clinical skills.Validity and reliability assurance is a mandatory factor for any assessment tool. In Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, medical students’ clinical competences are evaluated by a pre-internship OSCE. This study is designed to examine the validity and reliabi...

background: achieving a desirable clinical education requires continuous assessment of the current situations in clinical education and identifying the strengths and weaknesses. this study aimed to assess the strengths and weaknesses of the clinical education fields. methods: this is a cross-sectional and descriptive study in which the strengths and weaknesses of clinical education settings wer...