in this study a nested-pcr assay was optimized for detection of two bvdv biotype of nadl strain. a part of 5' non-coding region of virus, 249 bp in size, was amplified in rt-pcr. pcr product was cloned in a ptz57r/t vector and sequencing results confirmed the specificity of the test. internal primers were designed and a 155 bp dna fragment was amplified in nested-pcr. the sensitivity of rt...

The natural lignan podophyllotoxin, a dimerized product of two phenylpropanoid moieties which occurs in a few plant species, is a pharmacologically important compound for its anticancer activities. Optimization of the in vitro cultures might lead to a renewable source of lignans for medicinal uses. In order to maximize efficiency of podophyllotoxin accumulation via in vitro cultures, the effect...

In an 18-month period, 249 samples of amniotic fluid were used experimentally in attempts to enhance success in cell cultures. None ofthe experimental situations proved entirely satisfactory in this aim. Emphasis is laid on the quality ofserum used in culture. Particularly satisfactory serum should be retained for use in amniotic fluid cell cultures which are dependent on unknown growth stimula...

objective(s):theneuroprotective effect of lithium has been attributed to its therapeutic action. however, the role of glial cells particularly astrocytes, and the possible interactions between neurons and astrocytes in neuroprotective effects of lithium have been disregarded. thus, the aim of this study was to evaluate the direct effects of lithium on brain derived neurotrophic factor (bdnf) an...

Many aldehydes are important components of natural flavours. They are used in food, cosmetic, and biomedical industries in large amounts. Plant cells or microorganisms carry out their production by biotransformation, which is one of the biotechnological methods that allow them to be defined as 'natural'. Cell cultures of Silybum marianum and Peganum harmala have been studied with a view to in...

Background: Somatic cell nuclear transfer (SCNT) provides an appealing alternative for the conservation and improvement of genetic material of unique and endangered species. An important prerequisite for successful SCNT is the availability of good quality donor cells, as normal embryo development is dependent upon proper reprogramming of the donor genome so that embryonic genes can be appropria...