Magnetic tunnel junctions ~MTJs! were fabricated using an Al–O insulating layer prepared on an epitaxially grown Ni80Fe20 bottom electrode and on a polycrystalline Ni80Fe20 bottom electrode. Crystallographic orientations and surface morphology of the films were examined using x-ray diffraction and atomic force microscopy, respectively. The MTJ with an epitaxial bottom electrode showed a tunnel ...

To test the contribution of non-equilibrium quasiparticles to qubit relaxation, we have repeatedly measured relaxation time T1 in Al/AlOx/Al transmons with electrodes that different superconducting gaps. In one device, first layer electrode was formed by thermal evaporation nominally pure Al, while counter-electrode deposition oxygen-doped which gave a larger gap value. The long, but showed lar...

This paper reports on the fabrication and experimental characterisation of improved design AC eletroosmotic micropumps. Since the first study and analysis of AC electroosmosis by Ramos et al. [1], many devices have been fabricated and tested [2]. The basic planar electrode design was improved and increased pumping velocities were measured. Among the proposed improvements, 3D electrode design se...

Thickness-twist waves in piezoelectric plates are widely used as the operating modes for acoustic wave resonators, filters, sensors, and other devices (Mindlin, 1965; Mindlin, 1967; Pearman, 1968; Bleustein, 1966; Bleustein, 1969; Yang et al., 2008a; Yang & Guo, 2006). Acoustic waves in these devices are driven by an alternating voltage applied to the electrodes deposited on the plates. Therefo...

Abstract The in situ X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy data indicate that butyltrimethylammonium bis(trifluoromethylsulfonyl)imide (N4111(TFSI)) adsorbs strongly within the potential range ?3.25 V < E ?2.25 and specifically at (vs. Ag-QRE) Al electrode. Strong adsorption of intermediates N4111(TFSI) electrochemical decomposition was observed impedance cyclic voltammetry measurements. At ?4.25...

a carbon nanocomposite electrode has been designed by incorporation of montmorillonite nanoclayinto the carbon ionic liquid electrode for the electrochemical determination of amitriptiline . the surface ofthe proposed electrode was characterized by scanning electron microscopy. the presence of ionic liquid asa binder is believed to be responsible for the electrocatalytic activity of the propose...

A mathematical model f or the electrochemical impedance spectroscopy of a metal-hydride electrode was developed. The model was used to study the effect of various parameters on predicted kinetic behavior. The simulations obtained using the model show that the first arc appearing in the higher frequency range is due to a charge-transfer reaction, the second arc in the middle frequency range repr...

with complex heart diseases and alternative approaches: a) implantation of 1 to 3 subcutaneous electrodes as the high-energy electrode or the transvenous defibrillation electrode itself in a subcutaneous position; b) transatrial approach with implantation of the defibrillation electrode directly through the right atrium; and c) implantation of the defibrillation electrode in the pericardial sac...