An actuation method for atomic force microscope ~AFM! cantilevers in fluids is reported. The radiation pressure generated by a focused acoustic transducer at radio frequency ~rf! ~100–300 MHz! exerts a localized force of controlled amplitude at a desired location on the AFM cantilever. This force can be used to measure the spring constant and other dynamic properties of the cantilever. Furtherm...

Atomic force microscopy or scanning tunneling microscopy (AFM/STM) is a powerful single molecule tool for the visualization of biological materials at sub-nanometer resolution. AFM is versatile because it can directly measure physical properties due to its sensitivity at picoNewton force scales, thus enabling dissection of molecular forces. STM/AFM has been considered revolutionary since its di...

The establishment of more accurate imaging of surface microstructures is needed. The most significant distortion in atomic force microscopy (AFM) imaging is induced by the probe tip shape, whenever the sample surface contains features whose dimensions are comparable to the probe tip size. The acquired AFM image is the dilation between the tip shape and the sample topography. To restore the orig...

OBJECTIVE Atomic force microscope (AFM) is a technology that allows analysis of the nanoscale morphology of bacteria within biofilm and provides details that may be better useful for understanding the role of bacterial interactions in the periodontal disease. MATERIAL AND METHODS Five patients with periodontal ≥5 mm pockets diagnosed as generalized periodontitis and five patients with slight ...

In the present study Aflatoxin M (AFM ) and various Antibiotic Residue (AbR) including 1 1 oxytetracyclin, streptomycin, gentamicin, neomycin and penicillin were comparatively evaluated through Thin-Layer Chromatographic (TLC) technique in various types of milk samples i.e. fresh, boiled and pasteurized milk samples. AFM contamination was recorded in 20% of the total fresh milk and 15% of the b...

During the last decades it has become evident that novel lithographic techniques are required in order to fabricate nanosized devices. It has been shown that non-contact AFM is an efficient technique, capable of manufacturing nanometer sized devices on the surface of a silicon wafer. The AFM nanooxidation approach is based on generating a potential difference between a cantilever needle tip and...

In this paper a new method of fabricating cylindrical resin microcantilevers using the Direct Digital Manufacturing (DDM) technique of Micro-stereolithography (MSL) is described. The method is rapid and commercially viable, allowing the fabrication of atomic force microscope (AFM) cantilevers which exhibit much larger spring constants than those currently commercial available. This allows for e...

During the last decades it has been shown that non-contact AFM can be used as an efficient lithographic technique capable of manufacturing nanometer sized devices on the surface of a silicon wafer. The AFM nanooxidation approach is based on generating a potential difference between a cantilever needle tip and a silicon wafer. A water meniscus builds up between the tip and the wafer, resulting i...

Powders consisting of ferromagnetic (FM) Fe nanoparticles, of about 7 nm in size, embedded in an antiferromagnetic (AFM) Cr2O3 matrix have been obtained by high-temperature reduction under a hydrogen atmosphere of a mixed Cr–Fe oxide. This FM–AFM system exhibits exchange bias effects, i.e. a loop shift (HE) and coercivity enhancement ( HC), when field-cooled through the Néel temperature, TN, of...

Powders consisting of ferromagnetic (FM) Fe nanoparticles, of about 7 nm in size, embedded in an antiferromagnetic (AFM) Cr2O3 matrix have been obtained by high-temperature reduction under a hydrogen atmosphere of a mixed Cr–Fe oxide. This FM–AFM system exhibits exchange bias effects, i.e. a loop shift (HE) and coercivity enhancement ( HC), when field-cooled through the Néel temperature, TN, of...