Abstract Introduction There are claims by traditional medicine practitioners in Nigeria and valuable scientific reports that the leaves of Tephrosia vogelii (TV) hook used for treatment various diseases; however, there is paucity information on it management cardiovascular complications despite rich presence phytochemicals. This study aimed at investigating effects solvents extracts TV stem lip...

The PCP theorem gives a novel characterization of the class NP in terms of probabilistically checkable proofs (PCPs). The central role in this characterization belongs to a Verifier. Here, the probabilities are taken over the random choices of the verifier, and the notation V π means that the verifier V has random access to the string π, i.e., V may request to see the ith bit of the string π, f...

The objective of this work was to develop bioadhesive topical gel of Aceclofenac with the help of response-surface approach. Experiments were performed according to a 3-level factorial design to evaluate the effects of two independent variables [amount of Poloxamer 407 (PL-407 = X1) and hydroxypropylmethyl cellulose K100 M (HPMC = X2)] on the bioadhesive character of gel, rheological property o...

As a consequence of an AM protocol for NISO, we get the following: Theorem 1. If Graph Isomorphism is NP-complete, then PH = Σp2. Proof. Suppose that Graph Isomorphism is NP-complete. Then the problem NISO is coNPcomplete. Hence, every coNP problem is polytime reducible to NISO, which, as we know, is in AM. We use this to get the following inclusions: Σp2 = ∃ ◦ ∀ ◦ P (definition of Σ p 2) ⊆ ∃ ◦...

Why is randomness useful? Imagine you have a stack of bank notes, with very few counterfeit ones. You want to choose a genuine bank note to pay at a store. However, suppose that you don’t know how to distinguish between a “good” bank note and a “bad” one. What can you do? Well, if you pick a bank note at random, you will be lucky with high probability (here the probability of picking a good ban...

1Faculty of Medicine, School of Medicine, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei 112, Taiwan, 2Department of Neurosurgery, Taichung Veterans General Hospital, Taichung 407, Taiwan, 3Institute of Biomedical Sciences, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung 402, Taiwan, 4Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Medicine, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei 112, Taiwan, 5Department and In...

Polymerase chain reaction amplification and DNA sequencing of the Toxoplasma gondii dihydropteroate synthase gene (dhps) identified 4 alleles among parasite populations from 32 cases of human toxoplasmosis. Heterologous expression and enzyme assay reveal that 3 of these alleles encode sulfadiazine (Sdz)-sensitive enzymes. The fourth, generating a highly Sdz-resistant enzyme, differs from 1 of t...

Frizzled receptors in Drosophila. Science 288, 1825–1828 12 Willnow, T.E. et al. (1999) Lipoprotein receptors: new roles for ancient proteins. Nat. Cell Biol. 1, E157–E162 13 Trommsdorff, M. et al. (1999) Reeler/Disabled-like disruption of neuronal migration in knockout mice lacking the VLDL receptor and ApoE receptor 2. Cell 97, 689–701 14 Wehrli, M. et al. (2000) arrow encodes an LDL-receptor...

The present study investigates the effect of crystalline and amorphous carriers for the improvement of dissolution profile of broad spectrum antifungal agent Itraconazole. A comparative study was performed to estimate the ability of Poloxamer-407 (crystalline carrier) and modified Gum Karaya (amorphous carries) for enhancing the dissolution profile of Itraconazole (BCS class II). Solid dispersi...