Experimental validation of a distortion removal technique for multi-chip free-space optical shuffle interconnections is presented. The free-space fabric links dense two-dimensional arrays of vertical cavity surface emitting laser(s) (VCSEL)(s) and detectors and must achieve full field registration on the order of 10 microns across the entire array. The new hybrid micro-macro optical concept rea...

This paper presents an extensive numerical analysis of a high-contrast grating VCSEL emitting at 0.98 μm. Using a three-dimensional, fully vectorial optical model, we investigate the influence of a non-uniform grating with a broad range of geometrical parameters on the modal behavior of the VCSEL. Properly designed and optimized, the high-contrast grating confines the fundamental mode selective...

One of the foremost applications of VCSELs is to transmit optical signals. These signals require modulation of the VCSEL to vary its emitted power. This note provides information about VCSEL modulation that may assist in the design of optical transmitters. While many of the same principles apply to analog modulation applications, this note is aimed primarily at digital applications where data i...

A novel two-dimensional vertical cavity surface emission laser (VCSEL) based wavelength converter is proposed. We developed a twodimensional transmission line laser model (TLLM) to analyze the proposed wavelength converter. This model takes into account Bragg reflectors by using the modified connecting matrix. Therefore, accurate and efficient modeling of the VCSEL structure is achieved. Extinc...

In the last 2 years, the field of micro-electro-mechanical systems tunable vertical cavity surface-emitting lasers (MEMSVCSELs) has seen dramatic improvements in laser tuning range and tuning speed, along with expansion into unexplored wavelength bands, enabling new applications. This paper describes the design and performance of high-speed ultrabroad tuning range 1050nm and 1310nm MEMS-VCSELs ...

In this paper we report a new method of photonic generation of microwave signals using a multi-transverse mode VCSEL subject to two-frequency optical injection. Numerical simulations show that double injection locking involving two transverse modes can be obtained in these systems. We show that the higher-order transverse mode is excited with a much larger amplitude than that of the fundamental...

We report the first continuous-wave (CW) operation single-mode, low-threshold, passive antiguide region (PAR) vertical-cavity surface-emitting laser (VCSEL) using organometallic chemical vapor deposition (OMCVD) for the regrowth of the PAR structure. With improved laser wafer design, fabrication process and regrowth design, a stable single fundamental mode at high currents has been achieved exp...

Integrated plasmonic sources and detectors are imperative in the practical development of plasmonic circuitry for bio- and chemical sensing, nanoscale optical information processing, as well as transducers for high-density optical data storage. Here we show that vertical-cavity surface-emitting lasers (VCSELs) can be employed as an on-chip, electrically pumped source or detector of plasmonic si...

We report on fabrication and characterization of densely packed top-emitting 16× 16 elements wire-bonded matrix-addressable vertical-cavity surface-emitting laser (VCSEL) arrays, which may find future applications such as non-mechanical particle movement with optical multi-tweezers, confocal microscopy or free-space communications with beam steering capability. The factors that control packing ...

We study experimentally an electrically pumped GaAs-based bandgap structure based on a vertical cavity surface emitting laser (VCSEL). We demonstrate that a microcavity embedded into this bandgap VCSEL structure supports localized optical modes without any holding beam. We propose a model of surface-structured VCSELs based on a reduced dissipative wave equation for describing electromagnetic mo...