Floor space is a key variable used to understand the energy and material demands of buildings. Using recent data sets building footprints, we employ random forest regression model estimate total floor (conditioned unconditioned) North American stock. Our for in 2016 88033 (+15907/–21861) million m2, which 2.9 times higher than current estimates from national statistics offices. We also show how...

The effect of counselor attire on clients' state anxiety, willingness to self-disclose, and preference to be counseled by the counselor seen in the study was examined in an initial interview. Clients were 50 female undergraduates at an eastern university, and counselors were three male doctoral students in counseling psychology. Counselor attire was fixed at three levels: traditional (coat and ...

Most young adults have had some casual sex experience. However, it is important to understand the motivations for such behavior because of potential health consequences. We investigate the motivations for and consequences of casual sex using a life course lens. We use the Toledo Adolescent Relationship Study to examine a diverse sample of young adults with recent casual sex experiences (N=210)....

Many people do not get the recommended 30 minutes of exercise per day, which can result in health problems such as obesity, muscle atrophy and chronic disease. Based on the principles of casual games and exergames, we propose and define casual exergames for motivating people to exercise in multiple small chunks of time throughout the day. We designed, implemented, and tested a casual exergame c...

This article aims to identify key elements explaining success of social casual games in the Facebook context. We argue that game success originates from the relationship between psychological needs of users and the social situation provided by the virtual environment (Facebook). In particular, we will analyze Facebook’s ‘social casual games’ using Murray’s categories. This...

In this issue of the Causal, Casual, and Curious column, I compare several ways of extracting information from post-treatment variables and call attention to some peculiar relationships among them. In particular, I contrast do-calculus conditioning with counterfactual conditioning and discuss their interpretations and scopes of applications. These relationships have come up in conversations wit...

Virtual Private Networks (VPNs) provide a cost-effective way for securing communications using public and insecure networks like the Internet. The main purpose of a VPN is to securely and transparently connect two or more remote networks to form virtually a single network, using centralized security policies for better management and protection. However, in certain scenarios, users may not requ...