Turbulence modeling for the Reynolds-averaged Navier-Stokes (RANS) equations includes many assumptions and simplifying closures. Numerous models have been developed over the years, and all are deficient in one way or another. Many collective efforts have attempted to validate turbulence models for a wide range of problems, but conclusions have often been muddied due to the lack of grid converge...

The weak version of universality in turbulence refers to the independence of the scaling exponents of the nth order structure functions from the statistics of the forcing. The strong version includes universality of the coefficients of the structure functions in the isotropic sector, once normalized by the mean energy flux. We demonstrate that shell models of turbulence exhibit strong universal...

Data from experiments and direct simulations of turbulence have historically been used to calibrate simple engineering models such as those based on the Reynolds-averaged Navier–Stokes (RANS) equations. In the past few years, with the availability of large and diverse datasets, researchers have begun to explore methods to systematically inform turbulence models with data, with the goal of quant...

Fluid turbulence is commonly modeled by the Navier-Stokes equations with a large Reynolds number. However, direct numerical simulations are not possible in practice, so that turbulence modeling is introduced. We study artificial spectral viscosity models that render the simulation of turbulence tractable. We show that the models are well posed and have solutions that converge, in certain parame...

Turbulence analysis of flow inside a hydrocyclone is carried out using commercially available CFD software ANSYS-CFX (release 11.0). Commercial CFD software(s) and their turbulence models have come a long way in accurately predicting the flow inside a hydrocyclone, both at the mean as well as at the turbulence level. Previous studies have shown, the more accurate the turbulence prediction is, t...