Transferring the traditional business model for selling digital goods linked to physical media to the online world leads to the need for a system to protect digital intellectual property. Digital Rights Management(DRM) is a system to protect high-value digital assets and control the distribution and usage of those digital assets. This paper presents a review of the current state of DRM, focusin...

Microelectrospray ionization-mass spectrometry was used to directly observe electron transferring flavoprotein.flavoprotein dehydrogenase interactions. When electron transferring flavoprotein and porcine dimethylglycine dehydrogenase or sarcosine dehydrogenase were incubated together in the absence of substrate, a relative molecular mass corresponding to the flavoprotein.electron transferring f...

As a result of a spectrum of mitochondrial defects, tumor cells often preferentially use glycolysis to generate adenosine triphosphate (ATP), even in the presence of oxygen, a phenomenon known as aerobic glycolysis, or the "Warburg effect." Dichloroacetate (DCA) is an inhibitor of mitochondrial pyruvate dehydrogenase kinase (PDK), which inhibits pyruvate dehydrogenase (PDH), a gatekeeping enzym...

The mechanism of action of structurally distinct pyruvate dehydrogenase kinase (PDK) inhibitors was examined in assays with experimental contexts ranging from an intact pyruvate dehydrogenase complex (PDC) with and without supplemental ATP or ADP to a synthetic peptide substrate to PDK autophosphorylation. Some compounds directly inhibited the catalytic activity of PDKs. Some of the inhibitor c...

fulani ecotype chickens (fec) and yoruba ecotype chickens (yec) are the two major types of indigenous chickens in nigeria. they subsist under traditional animal husbandry and are thus liable to indiscriminate mating and consequently to loss of genetic diversity. fulani ecotype chickens (fec) and yoruba ecotype chickens (yec) were investigated to determine genetic variation at transferrin locus ...