Background and objective: The assessment of human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2) status has become of great importance in the diagnosis of breast cancer. The aim of this study was to investigate the diagnostic value of quantitative Polymerase Chain Reaction (qPCR) and Chromogenic In Situ Hybridization (CISH) to assess HER2 status of biopsy specimens. <...

objectives the cause of rheumatoid arthritis (ra) as a chronic inflammatory autoimmune disease is still unknown. it appears that both genetic and environmental factors play a role in its pathogenesis. recent studies reveal that in addition to the cns, immune cells synthesis neurotransmitters so that these catecholamines can regulate immune functions. the aim of this study is to evaluate the dop...

background and aims: influenza a virus infects birds and some mammalian including human. h1 and h3 subtypes are circulated in both human and birds’ population. to determine the prevalence of the mentioned subtypes in birds, different captive bird species in tehran zoo, and affiliated centers in tehran were investigated for virus infection. methods: in this study, between november 2008 and febru...

methods allplex gi-virus assay was developed to detect pathogens causing viral gastroenteritis, one of the major diseases caused by rna viruses. this one-step multiplex real-time polymerase chain reaction (pcr) based on the mudt technique permits simultaneous amplification and detection of target nucleic acids of norovirus gi, norovirus gii, rotavirus a, adenovirus f, astrovirus, and sapovirus ...

background and objectives: hbv dna monitoring is important in management of chronic viral hepatitis b infection. hbv dna measurements are carried out over period of months to years. so the analytical system must be stable and reproducible. the aim of this study was to determine the performance characteristics and to plan a statistical quality control system of a laboratory-developed real-time q...

conclusions our results demonstrated a novel h7n9 virus in chickens in taizhou city in 2013 that may pose a potential risk to public health. results of 150 samples tested, 7 were detected to be h7n9 positive which all were collected from chickens. also, a novel h7n9 virus strain (a/chicken/jiangsu/1021/2013) was isolated and studied. phylogenetic analysis showed the novel isolated h7n9 virus ha...

Background:Breast cancer remains the most common and second lethal cancer in females. HER-2/neu is one of the most important amplified oncogene in breast cancer. The amplification of HER-2 is correlated with decreased survival, metastasis, and early recurrence.  The amplification of HER-2/neu gene and synthesis of th...

conclusions this study showed that this novel one-step rrt-pcr assay is a rapid, reliable, repeatable, specific, sensitive, and simple tool for the detection of the cchf virus. results from a total of 75 suspected serum samples, 42 were confirmed to be positive for cchf virus, with no false-positives detected by the sequencing results. after 40 amplification cycles, the melting curve analysis r...