abstract background: the retroauricular-temporal or washio flap has been introduced for reconstruction of partial nose and cheek defects, and has many advantages. we decided to evaluate the extended use of this technique in order to repair full thickness nasal defects. methods: superficial temporal and retroauricular arteries are identified with doppler flowmetry. selection points a, b, c and d...

The author studied anatomical variations of the origin of the chorda tympani nerve from the mastoid portion of the facial nerve. The studies were performed on 200 specimens of human temporal bone. It was found that the chorda tympani may arise from the facial nerve in three levels: most commonly from the mid third of its mastoid segment (70%), less commonly from the proximal third (20%), an...

In this paper we describe a series of interaction games in which an elementary ‘protolanguage’ is generated based on innate deictic ability in a community of asynchronously interacting connectionist agents. Deixis—or pointing (and its perception)—combined with interaction and ‘speech’ generation ability support the emergence and drift of shared names within a family of ‘parent’ and ‘child’ agen...

The paper was inspired by the incoming short message service (SMS) offering financial support through cheques. aim of this study to identify characteristics SMS, and examine deictic expressions impositives commissives tact generosity maxims under perspective politeness principle. Data for were gathered from April 2019 August 2020 electronic observation 24 cases sent s h’s personal phone number ...

the author studied anatomical variations of the origin of the chorda tympani nerve from the mastoid portion of the facial nerve. the studies were performed on 200 specimens of human temporal bone. it was found that the chorda tympani may arise from the facial nerve in three levels: most commonly from the mid third of its mastoid segment (70%), less commonly from the proximal third (20%), and ve...

Based on the proximization theory and relying Visio, this paper analyzed visualized Interim National Security Strategic Guidance through Spatial-Temporal-Axiological (STA) model. The qualitative description quantitative analysis were adopted to analyze main view from United States so as dynamically locate direction of US policies. findings indicate: (1) First-person deixis, phrasal verbs denoti...