OBJECTIVE The aim of this study was to evaluate the relative socioeconomic costs of benign cranial base tumors treated with open surgery and gamma knife radiosurgery. METHODS In a retrospective study, we studied 174 patients with benign cranial base tumors, less than 3 cm in diameter (or volume less than 30 ml), admitted in the past 5 years. Group A (n = 94) underwent open surgery for removal...

Ihedioha U, et al. BMJ Case Rep 2017. doi:10.1136/bcr-2017-219648 DESCRIPTION A 31-year-old man presented to the accident and emergency department with a penetrating injury to his left posterolateral chest wall. He was haemodynamically stable, and there was no significant bleeding from the entry point. Plain anterior radiography (figure 1) of the chest revealed a knife embedded within the extra...

Acoustic neuromas (AN) are schwann cell-derived tumors that commonly arise from the vestibular portion of the eighth cranial nerve also known as vestibular schwannoma(VS) causes unilateral hearing loss, tinnitus, vertigo and unsteadiness. In many cases, the tumor size may remain unchanged for many years following diagnosis, which is typically made by MRI. In the majority of cases the tumor is s...

BACKGROUND Endoscopic submucosal dissection (ESD) is an effective but time-consuming treatment for early neoplasia that requires a high level of expertise. OBJECTIVE The objective of this study was to assess the efficacy and learning curve of gastric ESD with a hybrid knife with high pressure water jet and to compare with standard ESD. MATERIAL AND METHODS We performed a prospective non sur...

Fair division algorithms, especially the ones that require continuous observation, tend to assume synchronicity in decision making and knife movements in theory. However, in practice, it is not always possible to give an exact solution to a fair division algorithm without making some assumptions or error bounds. As such, we would like implement both an exact and discrete solution to given algor...

PURPOSE Gamma Knife radiosurgery is a highly precise and accurate treatment technique for treating brain diseases with low risk of serious error that nevertheless could potentially be reduced. We applied the AAPM Task Group 100 recommended failure modes and effects analysis (FMEA) tool to develop a risk-based quality management program for Gamma Knife radiosurgery. METHODS A team consisting o...

Radiosurgery is a therapeutic technique to deliver high dose radiation to the target. It induces radiobiological responses of lesions while minimizing radiation effect to the surrounding area. Gamma knife is one of the representative devices for stereotactic radiosurgery, which is exclusively designed for treatment of cerebral disorders. Gamma knife was developed as the first radiosurgical devi...

Sir,?I must plead guilty to having performed many iridectomies unintentionally, and at the same time point out the cause of this little accident in most of my cases. This was a "bellying" of the blade of the Grafe's knife. If instead of the knife being, except at the point, of equal thickness and width there be a " belly " or greater width in the forepart of the blade, leaving the part near the...

The traditional method in Iran of cracking walnut manually, using harmer or knife cutter is laborintensive, slow and tedious; besides, most mechanical crackers do not give satisfactory results in terms of kernel extraction quality. A prototype machine was developed to crack walnut. A walnut cracker was designed, constructed and tested to evaluate its performance. The cracker, which consists of ...

introduction:foreign body aspiration is usually a serious condition that is most common among the pediatric population, and rare in adults. in adults, aspiration may be tolerated for a long time.case reports:our first case is a 38-year-old man who presented with a 2-day history of swallowing a foreign body. he was completely asymptomatic. chest x-ray revealed the presence of 5-cm foreign object...