The information asymmetries inherent in credence goods have typically led economists to conclude these markets require well-defined quality standards and third-party verification that producers are meeting those standards. Nonetheless, many producers of credence goods appear to be opting out of certification. Why? This paper builds in previous research and develops a theoretical framework to th...

Certification of Halal food product supply becomes a challenging task as various validating procedures have to be undergone under the emergence of vast business networks in food supply chain. In order to maintain high quality assurance of every validating procedure, and to fulfill demand from immense religious population, highly efficient method will be needed to monitor, to record and to regis...

Viscusi (1978) shows how, in markets with quality uncertainty, perfect certification results in separation from top down due to an unraveling process similar to Akerlof (1970). De and Nabar (1991) argue that imperfect certification prevents unraveling so that equilibria with full separation do not exist. This note shows that, if one considers the buyers’ buying decision explicitly, a separating...

BACKGROUND Establishing and managing a board certification system is a common concern for many countries. In Japan, the board certification system is under revision. The purpose of this study was to describe present status of internal medicine specialist board certification, to identify factors associated with maintenance of board certification and to investigate changes in area of practice whe...

This article says that quality management is one of the key functions both corporate and project management, main means achieving maintaining competitiveness any enterprise. It emphasized product is, in essence, a cross-cutting aspect enterprise system - similar to such as time, costs, personnel management. this position at heart fundamental principles underlying modern systems. The also touche...

This paper draws on existing literature and research on software development process improvement, and related fields, to explore the impact of quality assurance (QA) certification on the Australian software development industry. Recently, many developers have committed resources to achieve certification in response to government purchasing policies favouring standards-certified suppliers, but c...

Abstract High-quality seed is a “ sine qua non ” condition to achieve maximum crop productivity and good returns. The national sector, composed of the public private players, plays key role in making available high-quality sufficient quantity by following its regulatory framework adhering quality standards stipulated it. laws different countries operate on basic philosophy encouraging breeding ...