Resistance to sulfadoxine-pyrimethamine (SP) in Plasmodium falciparum malaria parasites is associated with mutations in the dihydrofolate reductase (dhfr) and dihydropteroate synthase (dhps) genes, and these mutations have spread resistance worldwide. SP, used for several years in Senegal, has been recommended for intermittent preventive treatment for malaria in pregnancy (IPTp) and has been wi...

We have studied resistance to sulfadoxine-pyrimethamine (S/P) in the rodent malaria parasite Plasmodium chabaudi. A stable S/P-resistant mutant, AS(50S/P), was selected by drug treatment of a clone, AS(PYR), already resistant to pyrimethamine. The sequences of the P. chabaudi dhfr and dhps genes were obtained and found to be identical in AS(50S/P) and AS(PYR), showing that resistance to S/P in ...

Current therapy for toxoplasmosis with a synergistic combination of pyrimethamine plus sulfadiazine or pyrimethamine plus clindamycin is not always efficacious and is frequently discontinued due to intolerable toxic effects in immunocompromised individuals, particularly those with AIDS. Trovafloxacin, a new fluoroquinolone with potent activity against Toxoplasma gondii, was examined for potenti...

the children aged under 5 years from vast african areas badly suffer from falciparum malaria and many of them die of this disease. therapeutic efficacy of anti-malaria drugs, especially pyrimethamine-sulfadoxine (ps) and chloroquine (cq) to falciparum malaria is frequently evaluated and reported in recent 10 years. unfortunately, to date, these widespread materials and researches have not been ...

IntroductionAIDS patients are more susceptible to opportunistic diseases, such as toxoplasma encephalitis, because of weakened immune systems. Toxoplasma encephalitis manifests a severe neurological crisis in HIV patients. The standard initial treatments sulfadiazine and pyrimethamine. This case presents an patient treated with alternative regimen for encephalitis.Case descriptionA young Acehne...

BACKGROUND Toxoplasmosis is a public health problem worldwide. This complication principally affects immunodeficient patients and pregnant women. Toxoplasma gondii is an opportunistic parasite, causing severe illness among and death of high-risk individuals and treatment is becoming increasingly difficult owing to side effects and low efficacies of drugs. OBJECTIVES In this study, we investig...

Aims: To generate new medicaments for control and treatment of the parasitic protozoan Toxoplasma gondii. Study Design: Structure similarity search and isostere search was conducted over a broad range of structure categories. Correlation and highest similarity scores were implemented to select the best drug candidates. Place and Duration of Study: University of Nebraska, Department of Chemistry...

BACKGROUND Malaria control is difficult where there is intense year-round transmission of multiple plasmodium species, such as in Papua New Guinea. METHODS Between April 2005 and July 2007, we conducted an open-label, randomized, parallel-group study of conventional chloroquine-sulfadoxine-pyrimethamine and artesunate-sulfadoxine-pyrimethamine, dihydroartemisinin-piperaquine, and artemether-l...