The purpose of this paper is to, firstly explain the reason of international trade according to recent theories; secondly, collect several sorts of opinions about free trade and protectionism referring to relevant literatures; thirdly describe export barriers in different aspects, such as natural barriers and artificial barriers; lastly from trade regulation perspective introduce WTO as a tool ...

This article refers to:Introduction to the special issue on ‘global trading system and protectionism: China, United States Europe’

Food security is increasingly influenced by multilateral trade systems and foreign trade policies implemented by national governments. Many of them are now concerned about the sustainability of food supply and the vulnerability of domestic food markets to price volatility, and seek to support domestic producers and protect themselves from increasing food imports. Such restrictions improve food ...

T he United States, along with almost every other country in the world, maintains significant restrictions on the movement of goods across international borders. Although the recent Uruguay round of the General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade (GATT) resulted in a general lowering of tariffs and a broadening of goods and countries covered by the agreement, free trade remains elusive. Strong growt...

Abstract Many states recognize, at least on paper, that data protection and privacy are important values. Nevertheless, they diverge quite jarringly what the correct level or design of such should be. In particular, there is deep disagreement about when crosses line becomes protectionism. this book, I have shown—using example EU law—where between protectionism in international trade law current...