The phase-locked loop (PLL) propagation time is important unavoidable factor for high-speed coherent detection systems using broad-linewidth laser diodes. This paper report the linewidths requirements and the power penalties taking into account the loop propagation delay. The coherent optical receivers with PLL, based on Costas loop or decision driven loop (DDL) are taken into consideration. Th...

This paper presents a novel Phase frequency detector for Charge Pump Phase locked loop (PLL) applications to enable fast frequency acquisition in the phaselocked loop (PLL). To cope with the missing edge problem, the proposed PFD predicts the reset signal and blocks the corresponding input signal during the reset time. The blocked edge is regenerated after the reset signal is deactivated [1]. T...

A digital decision-directed phase-locked loop (PLL) for use in optical pulse code-division multiple-access (CDMA) systems based on coherent correlation demodulation is proposed. PLL performance is affected by multiuser interference, laser phase noise and optical shot noise. The effect of these sources of interference and noise on PLL performance is evaluated based on a nonlinear model (the Fokk...

We report on a clock-recovery circuit employing a phase locked loop (PLL) at 56.88 Gb/s demonstrated by locking to a 28.44 GHz sinosoidal signal while two additional circuits with adapted on-chip passive components locked to 29 Gb/s and 39 Gb/s pseudorandom bit sequences. To our knowledge, this is the first demonstration of an integrated PLL IC for clock recovery at a data rate well beyond 40 G...

A digital implementation of a new technique that delivers an extremely accurate and stable phase locked loop system (PLL) is presented. The new technique uses competing phase and frequency loops to incorporate an accurate local reference frequency into the phase locked loop structure. Disturbances on the phase loop caused by the digital frequency loop are identified and a method to mitigate the...

PLL Basics A phase-locked loop is a feedback system combining a voltage controlled oscillator and a phase comparator so connected that the oscillator frequency (or phase) accurately tracks that of an applied frequencyor phase-modulated signal. Phase-locked loops can be used, for example, to generate stable output frequency signals from a fixed low-frequency signal. The phase locked loop can be ...

In a classical PLL, the phase detector (PD) and charge pump (CP) noise is multiplied by N, when referred to the VCO output, due to the divide-by-N in the feedback path. It often dominates the in-band phase noise and limits the achievable PLL jitter·power Figure-Of-Merit (FOM). A subsampling PLL uses a PD that sub-samples the high frequency VCO output with the reference clock. The PD and CP nois...

This paper presents a method for analyzing the Bit Error Rate of recovered data for PLL-based data recovery systems (DRS) as the PLL comes into lock. This method is based on the analyses of the transient response of the Phase-Locked Loop (PLL) and the associated jitter models. It provides a means to predict the acquisition time needed for a data recovery system to reach a given BER. Practical c...

Delay-locked loop (DLL) and phase-locked loop (PLL) designs based upon self-biased techniques are presented. The DLL and PLL designs achieve process technology independence, fixed damping factor, fixed bandwidth to operating frequency ratio, broad frequency range, input phase offset cancellation, and, most importantly, low input tracking jitter. Both the damping factor and the bandwidth to oper...

The standards governing the grid connection of distributed power generation systems (DPGS) are becoming increasingly demanding due to the growing number of alternative energies being connected to the grid. Grid connection standards now place greater emphasis on the fault ride-through capabilities of the DPGS. In order to fulfill these standards, improvements must be made to the grid-side contro...