UNLABELLED Instrument breakage during treatment can lead to serious complications and carries the risk of treatment failure. When a file breaks in the canal, bypassing or removal can be difficult and the long-term prognosis of the tooth may be compromised. Sometimes surgery may be indicated for removal of the broken segment. Often some part of the root cannot be cleaned because of blockage by t...

Introduction Endodontic instruments are developed to provide a better cleaning of the root canal system and reduce its risk of fracture. The aim of this study was to evaluate the instrumentation time and cyclic fatigue resistance of WaveOne Gold, ProDesign R and ProDesign Logic files. Methods and Materials Thirty Nickel-titanium (NiTi) rotary instruments were divided into 3 groups (n=10). Pro...

The XML format has become the standard for data exchange because it is self-describing and it stores not only information but also the relationships between data. Therefore it is used in very different areas. To find the right information in an XML file, we need to have a fast and an effective access to data. Similar to relational databases, we can create an index in order to speed up the query...

In the clinical practice, it is much more efficient to use NiTi rotary files compared to hand instrumentation. However, misuse of NiTi rotary files can result in procedural errors such as transportation, ledge, perforation, and file separation. Generally, following suggestions could be considered to avoid these errors. 1. Enlarge the coronal half of the root canal before preparing the apical pa...

Prefetching is a well-known technique for mitigating the von Neumann bottleneck. In its most rudimentary form, prefetching simplifies to sequential lookahead. Unfortunately, large classes of applications exhibit file access patterns that are not amenable to sequential prefetching. More general purpose approaches often use models to develop an appropriate prefetching strategy. Such models tend t...

Objective: The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect different glide path files on amount apically extruded debris. Material and Methods: Sixty single-canaled mandibular premolars were accessed randomly divided into three groups (n= 20) according file used for glid creation; group A using Traverse file, B WaveOne Gold Glider, C stainless steel K file. All teeth then instrumented Reciproc...

In this paper, we propose a virtual file system, “SPDFS,” which provides global declarations in source programs as virtual files to programmers. Global declarations means objects which declare identifiers in external scope, such as function definition and variable declaration. On SPDFS, programmers can edit virtual files directly by their favorite editors. Changes to declarations in a virtual f...

The main issue addressed in this paper is how to help learners navigate in existing web-based learning resources. Towards this issue, we introduce a learner-centered navigation path planning. The key idea is to provide learners with a space, in which they can see through WWW pages to plan a navigation path. In this paper, we also demonstrate an assistant system, which is composed of hyperspace ...

Recent technological advances allow for the dynamic setup and release of end-to-end circuits consisting of Ethernet segments at the ends mapped on to Ethernet-over-SONET long-distance optical circuits. We call these Dynamically Reconfigurable Ethernet/Ethernet-over-SONET (DREEoS) circuits. For file transfers across end hosts that can be connected by a DREEoS circuit, we propose that, in most ca...

OBJECTIVE The aim of ideal canal preparation is to prevent iatrogenic aberrations such as transportation. The aim of this study was to evaluate the root canal transportation by Reciproc file with and without glide path. MATERIALS AND METHODS Thirty acrylic-resin blocks with a curvature of 60° and size#10 (2% taper) were assigned into two groups (n= 15). In group 1, the glide path was performe...