Various digital watermarking techniques have been proposed in recent years as the methods to protect the copyright of multimedia data. However, as pointed out by the IBM research group, the rightful ownership problem has not been properly solved. Currently, there are two proposals to solve the ownership problem. Unfortunately, one proposal lacks a formal proof and the other can be easily defeat...

This paper investigates the determinants of capital structure of financial service firms in China. Using a relative regression of accounting data for 36 A-share financial listed companies over the years 2005-2009, an empirical study on determinants of capital structure in financial industry is conducted. The results show that profitability, firm size, non-debt tax shields, earnings volatility a...

This paper examines the effects of ownership types on firms’ R&D intensity and innovation performance, using a sample of 357,857 Chinese firms from 2005 to 2007. This study finds considerable divergence among Chinese domestic enterprises in terms of R&D intensity and innovation performance. We find that firms owned by the central government are the key drivers for firms’ R&D activities, while l...

This paper examines the sustainability of charcoal production that maximizes social welfare based on optimal control techniques visa-vis activities profit maximizing producing firms in South Sahara Africa. I set up a theoretical model involving socially will maximize discounted sum net benefit Charcoal for both private maximization firm and which yield sustainability. After solving choices func...

unsuccessful experiences of two major exhibitions with more than 300 investment projects in mashhad organized with municipalities in 2010 and 2011 and weak implementation of 20 projects, propose the use appropriate methods to identify themes and patterns for components investment projects. this study aims to determine the priorities for investment in the district three of mashhad municipality. ...

Cross-boundary ecosystem management is increasingly being advocated to address large-scale ecological issues on forested landscapes. Such management requires information about the age, composition, and distribution of trees and other vegetation in addition to the ability to coordinate management over large areas. In the United States, the forest industry owns and manages a large quantity of bio...