The major inorganic and organic osmolytes responsible for hydrating the oocytes during pre-ovulatory meiotic maturation in autumnand spring-spawning stocks of Atlantic herring are examined. Despite the ovulated eggs of spring-spawning herring being 1.6to 2-fold larger than the autumn-spawning stock, the GSI (27 ± 3%) and degree of oocyte hydration (70–72% water) were similar. Normalising the da...

The major inorganic and organic osmolytes responsible for hydrating the oocytes during pre-ovulatory meiotic maturation in autumnand spring-spawning stocks of Atlantic herring are examined. Despite the ovulated eggs of spring-spawning herring being 1.6 to 2-fold larger than the autumn-spawning stock, the GSI (27 ± 3%) and degree of oocyte hydration (70 72% water) were similar. Normalising the d...

Lithium (Li) treatment for bipolar affective disorders is associated with a variety of renal side effects. The metabolic response of the kidney to chronic Li treatment has rarely been studied. We applied a novel method of (1)H-nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR)-based metabonomics to integrate metabolic profiling and to identify the changes in the levels of metabolites in the kidney and urine from...

PURPOSE Recent evidence suggests that taurine and myoinositol may serve as organic osmolytes in a number of cells, including lens and retinal pigment epithelia, but the mechanism for their increased accumulation in response to hypertonic stress is not known. To assess whether NaK ATPase contributed to the elevated levels of taurine and myoinositol in cells exposed to hypertonic media, we measur...

Osmolytes stabilize proteins against denaturation, but little is known about how their stabilizing effect might affect a protein folding pathway. Here, we report the effects of the osmolytes, trimethylamine-N-oxide, and sarcosine on the stability of the native state of barstar as well as on the structural heterogeneity of an early intermediate ensemble, IE, on its folding pathway. Both osmolyte...

Osmolytes are small molecules that are exploited by cells as a protective system against stress conditions. They favour compact protein states which makes them stabilize globular proteins in vitro and promote folding. Conversely, this preference for compact states promotes aggregation of unstructured proteins. Here we combine a brief review of the effect of osmolytes on protein fibrillation wit...

Nature has selected osmolytes to protect intracellular macromolecules against denaturing stress conditions. These molecules are accumulated in the intracellular environment at considerably high concentrations. In general, osmolytes are known to stabilize proteins. However, under certain conditions, their destabilizing properties have also been pointed out. A careful qualitative and quantitative...

Jason Treberg discusses the impact of Paul Yancey et al.'s classic paper 'Living with water stress: evolution of osmolyte systems', published in Science in 1982. Occasionally a hypothesis comes along that is so broadly applicable to biological systems that it borders on being universal. Even less frequent is when the hypothesis involves linking knowledge from almost a century before with recent...

Tobacco is a salt-sensitive glycophyte crop species. In this work effect of silicone (Si) supplementation (1 mM as Na2SiO3) was studied in Nicotiana rustica L. cv. Basmas grown hydroponically in growth chamber under control, low (25 mM) and high (75 mM) NaCl concentration for two weeks. Dry matter production of leaves was depressed by salinity level as low as 25 mM and higher salt concentration...

British Journal of DermatologyVolume 184, Issue 3 p. e89-e89 Plain Language SummaryFree Access A study into how the skin retains its moisture levels First published: 05 March 2021 https://doi.org/10.1111/bjd.19766AboutPDF ToolsRequest permissionExport citationAdd to favoritesTrack citation ShareShare Give accessShare full text full-text accessPlease review our Terms and Conditions Use check box...