A transducer is a system that couples two loads. For example, an electromechanical transducer couples a mechanical force and an electrical voltage. A two-load, nonlinear system can exhibit rich behavior of bifurcation, which can be displayed in a three-dimensional space, with the horizontal plane representing the two loads, and the vertical axis representing the state of the system. In this thr...

We theoretically investigate the use of Rayleigh surface acoustic waves (SAWs) for refractive index modulation in optical waveguides consisting of amophous dielectrics. Considering low-loss Si3N4 waveguides with a standard core cross section of 4.4×0.03 μm size, buried 8-μm deep in a SiO2 cladding we compare surface acoustic wave generation in various different geometries via a piezo-active, le...

A finite-element model is presented for numerical simulation in three dimensions of acoustophoresis suspended microparticles a microchannel embedded polymer chip and driven by an attached piezoelectric transducer at MHz frequencies. In accordance with the recently introduced principle whole-system ultrasound resonances, optimal resonance mode identified that related to acoustic combined transdu...

Possible optical setups for measurement of the peak-to-peak value of an ultrasonic transducer are described in this work. The Michelson interferometer with the calibrated nanopositioner in reference path and laser Doppler vibrometer were used for the basic measurement of vibration displacement. Langevin type of ultrasonic transducer is used for the purposes of Electro-Ultrasonic Nonlinear Spect...

a novel low noise trans-impedance amplifier is proposed using low cost 0.18 µm cmos technology. a resistive-capacitive feedback is used to extend the bandwidth of the amplifier. as the structure is inductor less, it is suitable for low cost integrated optical interconnects. in this paper improved particle swarm optimization have applied to determine optimal trans-resistance and noise of propose...

Efficient transduction devices that reversibly convert optical and microwave quantum signals into each other are essential for integrating different technologies. Rare-earth ions in solids, particular Erbium ions, with both addressable transitions promising candidates designing transducers. We propose a microwave-to-optical transducer scheme based on the dark state protocol $\mathrm{^{167}Er}$ ...

Piezoceramics have been the dominant transducer technology in ultrasound medical imaging for several decades. Recent progress in surface micromachined capacitive ultrasonic immersion transducers makes them an alternative transducer technology, especially in highly integrated twodimensional arrays. This paper demonstrates that the surface micromachined capacitive ultrasonic immersion transducer ...