Liver preparations from Syrian golden hamsters catalyze the metabolism of the pancreatic carcinogen N-nitroso-2,6-dimethylmorpholine largely to N-nitroso(2-hydroxypropyl)(2-oxopropyl)amine (HPOP). This reaction is catalyzed by a mixed-function oxidase in the presence of reduced nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate and oxygen at a rate of 3.8 nmol/min/mg of protein, and it is inhibited by...

The present study tested the hypothesis that angiotensin II (Ang II)-induced oxidative stress and Ang II-stimulated Cl(-)/HCO(3)(-) exchanger are increased and related to the differential membrane Ang II type 1 (AT(1)) receptor and reduced nicotinamide-adenine dinucleotide phosphate oxidase expression in immortalized renal proximal tubular epithelial (PTE) cells from the spontaneously hypertens...

Asymmetrical dimethylarginine inhibits nitric oxide synthase, cationic amino acid transport, and endothelial function. Patients with cardiovascular risk factors often have endothelial dysfunction associated with increased plasma asymmetrical dimethylarginine and markers of reactive oxygen species. We tested the hypothesis that reactive oxygen species, generated by nicotinamide adenine dinucleot...

Glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase was partially purified from both glucose-grown and iron-glucose-grown Thiobacillus ferrooxidans. The enzyme possesses a dual nucleotide specificity for either nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate (NADP) or nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD) and has a molecular weight of 110,000 as determined by gel electrophoresis. Evidence is presented that T. ferr...

Different functional and structural properties of rat liver microsomes were studied during hepatocarcinogenesis induced by 0.25% DL-ethionine. During the first to fourth months of ethionine feeding, great decreases of cytochrome P-450 content, reduced nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate-dependent lipid peroxidation, and animopyrine demethylase activity occurred. No changes in the reduce...

Increased cyclic stretch to the vessel wall, as observed in hypertension, leads to endothelial dysfunction through increased free radical production and reduced nitric oxide bioavailability. Genetic deletion of the adaptor protein p66(Shc) protects mice against age-related and hyperglycemia-induced endothelial dysfunction, as well as atherosclerosis and stroke. Furthermore, p66(Shc) mediates va...

The transcription factor nuclear factor erythroid-derived 2-like 2 (Nrf2) controls a network of cytoprotective genes. Neither how Nrf2 is activated in the heart under hemodynamic overload nor its role and mechanism of action are known. This study aimed to investigate the activation and role of Nrf2 during chronic cardiac pressure overload. We first compared the responses of Nrf2(-/-) mice and w...

SUMMARY Different functional and structural properties of rat liver microsomes were studied during hepatocarcinogenesis induced by 0.25% m-ethionine. During the first to fourth months of ethionine feeding, great decreases of cytochrome P-450 content, reduced nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate-dependent lipid peroxidation, and aminopyrine demethylase activity occurred. No changes in the...