We review current state of neutron star cooling theory and discuss the prospects to constrain the equation of state, neutrino emission and superfluid properties of neutron star cores by comparing the cooling theory with observations of thermal radiation from isolated neutron stars.

We have succeeded in obtaining exact configurations of irrotational binary systems for compressible (polytropic) equations of state. Our models correspond to binaries of equal mass neutron star systems in the viscosity free limit. By using the obtained sequences of stationary states, the evolution of binary systems of irrotational neutron stars due to gravitational wave emission has been examin...

The conversion of neutron matter into strange matter in a neutron star occurs through the non-leptonic weak-interaction process. We study the energy loss of the neutron star by the emission of axions in that process. Owing to that process, the neutron star will liberate the energy which can in no way be negligible as an axion burst. PACS numbers : 14.80.Mz, 95.30.Cq, 97.60.Jd

Low energy X-ray emission (0.1-10 keV) from all six millisecond radio pulsars (MSPs) for which such emission has been reported support a proposed pulsar magnetic field evolution previously compared only to radiopulse data: old, very strongly spun-up neutron stars become mainly orthogonal rotators (magnetic dipole moment perpendicular to stellar spin) or aligned rotators. The neutron star proper...

Low energy X-ray emission (0.1-10 keV) from all six millisecond pulsars (MSPs) for which such emission has been reported support a proposed pulsar magnetic field evolution previously compared only to radiopulse data: old, very strongly spun-up neutron stars become mainly orthogonal rotators (magnetic dipole moment perpendicular to stellar spin) or aligned rotators. The neutron star properties w...

The Joint European Torus (JET, Culham, UK) is the largest tokamak in the world devoted to nuclear fusion experiments of magnetic confined Deuterium (D)/Deuterium-Tritium (DT) plasmas. Neutrons produced in these plasmas are measured using various types of neutron detectors and spectrometers. Two of these instruments on JET make use of organic liquid scintillator detectors. The neutron emission p...

Utilization of Photodisintegration reaction of Deuterium, 2H(?,n)1H, is a precise technique for determining the percentage of 2H in tritiated and natural water. The 23Na(n,?)24Na reaction is a suitable ?-source for producing the 2H(?,n)1H reaction. Tehran Research Reactor was used as a neutron source for producing 24Na isotopes. The BF3 detectors were used to detect the neutron emission of H2 c...

This report described recent activities on neutron standardization at the National Metrology Institute of Japan (NMIJ) in the National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology (AIST). The present status of our accelerator-based neutron field is described mainly on the development of monoenergetic neutron fluence standards [1-3]. Collaboration is in progress with the Japan Atomic ...

We have repeated the experiment of Taleyarkhan et al. in an attempt to detect the emission of neutrons from d-d fusion during bubble collapse in deuterated acetone. Using the same apparatus, a more sophisticated data acquisition system, and a larger scintillator detector, we find no evidence for 2.5-MeV neutron emission correlated with sonoluminescence from the collapsing bubbles. Any neutron e...

We present results of a detailed study of X-ray flaring in the Z-track source Sco X-1 in a highly superEddington state made using high quality Rossi-XTE data from the PCA and HEXTE instruments. The emission model successfully used to explain the dipping LMXB, and other classes of LMXB in recent years, was applied to study the physical evolution along the Z-track which remains a major problem. T...