Microtubules (MTs) have been proposed to act mechanically as compressive struts that resist both actomyosin contractile forces and their own polymerization forces to mechanically stabilize cell shape. To identify the origin of MT bending, we directly observed MT bending and F-actin transport dynamics in the periphery of LLC-PK1 epithelial cells. We found that F-actin is nearly stationary in the...

We recently developed a direct fluorescence ratio assay (Zhai, Y., and G.G. Borisy. 1994. J. Cell Sci. 107:881-890) to quantify microtubule (MT) polymer in order to determine if net MT depolymerization occurred upon anaphase onset as the spindle was disassembled. Our results showed no net decrease in polymer, indicating that the disassembly of kinetochore MTs was balanced by assembly of midbody...

Rapid remodeling of the microtubule (MT) array is important in large motile cells because such cells are constantly in the process of changing their shape. In fibroblast-like cells, MTs form a radial array emerging from the centrosome with minus ends tethered at the centrosome and plus ends extending towards the cell periphery (reviewed by Desai and Mitchison, 1997; Keating and Borisy, 1999). A...

METHODS the ability to learn three inhaler techniques of increasing levels of complexity was studied in 50 normal and demented inhaler-naive elderly people (mean age 81 years) with stable 10-point mini-mental test scores (MTS). There were 10 subjects in each of the following groups: MTS 8-10 (non-demented), MTS 7 (borderline), MTS 6 (mild dementia), MTS 5 and MTS 4 (2 moderate dementia groups)....

volcanic landform can be as terrain legacies from the past to the present era be considered. these heritage of land in terms of their unique characteristics can be considered as geomorphosite in the scientific community and the public. the evaluation of resources is one of the most important tasks of geotourism research.and thereby become profitable and thriving tourism industry in their own di...

Posttranslational microtubule modifications (PTMs) are numerous; however, the biochemical and cell biological roles of those modifications remain mostly an enigma. The Aspergillus nidulans kinesin-3 UncA uses preferably modified microtubules (MTs) as tracks for vesicle transportation. Here, we show that a positively charged region in the tail of UncA (amino acids 1316 to 1402) is necessary for ...

Cysteine-scanning mutagenesis combined with thiol reagent modification is a powerful method with which to define the pore-lining elements of channels and the changes in structure that accompany channel gating. Using the Xenopus laevis oocyte expression system and two-electrode voltage clamp, we performed cysteine-scanning mutagenesis of several pore-lining residues of connexin 26 (Cx26) hemicha...

OBJECTIVES This multicenter study examines the performance of the Manchester Triage System (MTS) after changing discriminators, and with the addition use of abnormal vital sign in patients presenting to pediatric emergency departments (EDs). DESIGN International multicenter study. SETTINGS EDs of two hospitals in The Netherlands (2006-2009), one in Portugal (November-December 2010), and one...

Cytoplasmic dynein is a molecular motor responsible for minus-end-directed cargo transport along microtubules (MTs). Dynein motility has previously been studied on surface-immobilized MTs in vitro, which constrains the motors to move in two dimensions. In this study, we explored dynein motility in three dimensions using an MT bridge assay. We found that dynein moves in a helical trajectory arou...