CONTEXT Migraine is considered to be an episodic condition with no long-term consequences. However, recent studies suggest that migraine attacks may be associated with pathologic changes in the brain, particularly in the cerebellum. OBJECTIVE To determine whether individuals not reporting headache compared with individuals reporting migraine symptoms, particularly aura, in midlife are at incr...

The differential diagnosis for an acute hemiparesis in a child includes stroke, Todd paralysis, and hemiplegic migraine. In the context of an illustrative case, this review highlights the differences in clinical presentation among these entities and an approach to the diagnostic workup. Migraine with aura in children is reviewed, including migraine equivalents such as abdominal migraine and the...

Previous studies suggest an abnormal cerebral cortical energy metabolism in migraineurs. If causally related to the pathophysiology of migraine, these abnormalities might show a dose-response relationship with the duration and severity of aura symptoms. While such a trend has been suggested in phosphorus spectroscopy (31P-MRS) studies, it has not been considered in proton spectroscopy (1H-MRS) ...

OBJECTIVE To assess the efficacy and safety of cinnarizine for the prophylaxis of migraine associated vertigo in the vestibular migraine and migraine with brainstem aura. BACKGROUND Vestibular migraine and migraine with brainstem aura are two principal clinical syndromes that frequently are associated with vertigo. Since cinnarizine is a well-tolerated calcium channel blocker which has accept...

BACKGROUND Migraine is recognised increasingly as a risk factor for ischaemic stroke in women of childbearing age. Migraine with aura poses a higher risk than migraine without aura. OBJECTIVE To investigate further the effect of duration, frequency, recency, and type of migraine on the risk of ischaemic stroke. METHODS Additional analyses of a previously reported multicentre case-control st...

BACKGROUND Diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) study revealed reduced fractional anisotropy (FA) values in the corpus callosum (CC) in migraine patients without aura. Abnormalities in white matter integrity, particularly in the CC, may affect inter-hemispheric resting state functional connectivity (RSFC). Unfortunately, relatively little is known about the alterations in functional interactions betw...

Background Intravenous infusion of adenylate cyclase-activating polypeptide-38 (PACAP38) provokes migraine-like attacks in 65-70% of migraine sufferers. Whether aggregation of migraine in first-degree relatives contributes to this discrepancy in PACAP38-induced response is unknown. We hypothesized that genetic enrichment plays a role in triggering of migraine and that migraine without aura pati...

Migraine is the most common form of headache disorder globally. The etiology of migraine is multifactorial, with genetic components and environmental interactions considered to be the main causal factors. Some researchers postulate that deficits in mitochondrial energy reserves can cause migraine or an increase in homocysteine levels can lead to migraine attacks; therefore, vitamins could play ...

Objective To determine the prevalence, impact, and stability of different subtypes of headache in a 30 year prospective follow-up study of a general population sample. Design Prospective cohort study. Setting Canton of Zurich, Switzerland. Participants 591 people aged 19-20 from a cohort of 4547 residents of Zurich, Switzerland, interviewed seven times across 30 years of follow-up. Main outcome...

OBJECTIVE To determine the prevalence, impact, and stability of different subtypes of headache in a 30 year prospective follow-up study of a general population sample. DESIGN Prospective cohort study. SETTING Canton of Zurich, Switzerland. PARTICIPANTS 591 people aged 19-20 from a cohort of 4547 residents of Zurich, Switzerland, interviewed seven times across 30 years of follow-up. MAIN...