The effect of smoking on androgen levels is important given the recent interest in the link between low levels of androgens and the development of cardiovascular disease. Numerous studies examining the effects of cigarette smoking on the levels of total and free testosterone have reported conflicting findings, but there has been no accurate assessment of the effects of cigarette smoking on the ...

Peptides and proteins remain poorly bioavailable upon oral administration. One of the most promising strategies to improve their oral delivery relies on their association with colloidal carriers, e.g. polymeric nanoparticles, stable in gastrointestinal tract, protective for encapsulated substances and able to modulate physicochemical characteristics, drug release and biological behavior. The me...

Pioglitazone is an anti-diabetic drug in high blood sugar in patients with type 2 diabetes (non-insulin-dependent diabetes) which was belongs to poor aqueous solubility and bioavailable drug. By using β Cyclodextrin, the solubility and dissolution rate of Pioglitazone HCL can be enhanced and it was evaluated by synthesizing it into solid inclusion complexes in different ratio of drug: β cyclode...

The carbon nanotubes represent an innovative platform for controlled and targeted drug release in several biomedical applications. Carbon nanotube is one of the most efficient dispersed nano-systems with narrow size distribution ranges from 10-240 nm. possess remarkable electrical, thermal, mechanical conductivity which enables to be functionalized enhance solubility as well biocompatibility po...

Total 25(OH)D levels were determined to assess bone health in elderly populations; however, the bioavailability of 25(OH)D is regulated by the albumin and vitamin D binding protein (DBP) levels and DBP variations. Whether bioavailable 25(OH)D level is a superior biomarker for vitamin D than total 25(OH)D level regarding the BMD and the bone metabolism were not yet fully understood. With a commu...

The modulation of PPIs by low molecular weight chemical compounds, particularly by orally bioavailable molecules, would be very valuable in numerous disease indications. However, it is known that PPI inhibitors (iPPIs) tend to have properties that are linked to poor Absorption, Distribution, Metabolism, Excretion and Toxicity (ADMET) and in some cases to poor clinical outcomes. Previously repor...

Functional peptides are attractive as novel therapeutic reagents because their amino acid sequences are flexible in adopting and mimicking the local functional features of proteins. These peptides are of low molecular weight, synthetically versatile and inexpensive to produce, suggesting that they can be used as drug targeting, potent, stable and bioavailable agents. A short bioactive peptide i...

In this paper the potential clinical applications for the human fetal estrogen estetrol (E(4)) are presented based on recently obtained data in preclinical and clinical studies. In the past E(4) has been classified as a weak estrogen due to its rather low estrogen receptor affinity. However, recent research has demonstrated that due to its favorable pharmacokinetic properties, especially the sl...

Although low testosterone levels in men have been associated with high risk for cardiovascular disease, little is known about the association between male sex hormones and subclinical coronary disease in men with apparently low cardiometabolic risk. This study was performed to investigate the association between male sex hormones and subclinical coronary artery calcification measured as coronar...

The objective of this study was to determine whether endogenous sex hormone levels predict cognitive function in older men. Our study design was an exploratory analysis in a population-based cohort in Rancho Bernardo, California. The study participants were 547 community-dwelling men 59-89 yr of age at baseline who were not using testosterone or estrogen therapy. Between 1984 and 1987, sera wer...