Children can determine the meaning of a new word from hearing it used in a familiar context—an ability often referred to as fast mapping. In this paper, we study fast mapping in the context of a general probabilistic model of word learning. We use our model to simulate fast mapping experiments on children, such as referent selection and retention. The word learning model can perform these tasks...

BACKGROUND In the field of substance abuse treatment, American Indian and Alaska Native (AI/AN) communities have routinely incorporated ceremonial practices as one important component in the promotion of recovery and healing. The beneficial effects of such practices are frequently described as plainly apparent by community-based advocates, providers, and professionals alike. In the present era ...

The potential long-run effects of the pandemic on urban life have already brought forward a range debates and occasionally contradictory predictions--but what is clear that current situation affords us an opportunity to reflect how we think about neighborhoods as planning professionals academics Neighborhoods are central life, in ever-urbanizing world only likely become more important If anythi...

One of the hardest parts being ill is not knowing when, or even if, you’ll be well again. As doctors we’re often asked about this, but only sometimes can we provide a definitive answer. There are published estimates for some conditions, although quick look online shows that these vary widely, relatively defined problems such as broken bones. Patients have over-optimistic ideas (occasionally acq...

This paper discusses instant messaging in the context of a tension between informal communication and the benefits of having a record of an exchange. IM exchanges are generally informal. As messaging is used more in work settings, being able to review an exchange can occasionally be helpful. However, knowing that a communication will be saved can lead to greater formality. We start with a case ...

It is a commonplace in the history of philosophy that issues surrounding selfawareness, consciousness, and self-knowledge do not become prominent until the early modern period. For medieval philosophers, particularly those in the Aristotelian tradition, the nature of self-knowledge plays only an ancillary role in psychology and epistemology. This is a natural consequence of Aristotle’s characte...