We present long-slit spectroscopic observations of the HH 110 jet obtained with the 4.2 m William Herschel Telescope. We have obtained for the first time, spectra for slit positions along and across the jet axis (at the position of knots B, C, I, J and P) to search for the observational signatures of entrainment and turbulence by studying the kinematics and the excitation structure. We find tha...

This paper describes an approach to periodic reference tracking in a pulsed-jet-injection experimental study. The objective was to match the jet’s temporal velocity profile to a periodic reference. The challenge lies in controlling the highly nonlinear and poorly understood dynamics associated with the jet velocity. Although the actuator maintains good authority over the jet velocity, the nonli...

atomization is a process by which a volume of liquid is converted spray. this process includes the breakup of the liquid jet or the liquid sheet exiting the injector. this paper has experimentally investigated the models and mechanisms for the breakup of the liquid jet and the liquid sheet formed by the jets impingement in a still environment and in an environment with counter flow, coflow, and...

Recent observations of Galactic Black Hole Candidates (BHCs) suggest that those that are superluminal jet sources have more rapid black hole spin rates than otherwise normal BHCs. This provides observational support for models of relativistic jet formation that extract rotational energy of the central black hole. To investigate this mechanism, we have developed a new general relativistic magnet...

Direct numerical simulation is used to study a round turbulent jet in a laminar crossflow. The ratio of bulk jet velocity to free-stream crossflow velocity is 5.7 and the Reynolds number based on the bulk jet velocity and the jet exit diameter is 5000. The mean velocity and turbulent intensities from the simulations are compared to data from the experiments by Su & Mungal (2004) and good agreem...

We investigate the energetics of the jet and X-ray corona of Cyg X-1. We show that the current estimates of the jet power obtained from Hα and [O iii] measurements of the optical nebula surrounding the X-ray source allow one to constrain the bulk velocity of the jet. It is definitely relativistic (v >0.1c) and most probably in the range (0.3–0.8)c. The exact value of the velocity depends on the...

This paper examines the process of transition to turbulence within an accelerating planar liquid jet. By calculating the propagation and spatial evolution of disturbance wave packets generated at a nozzle where the jet emerges, we are able to estimate break–up lengths and break–up times for different magnitudes of acceleration and different liquid to air density ratios. This study uses a basic ...

We developed theory of particle acceleration inside the relativistic rotating electronpositron force–free jet with spiral magnetic field. We considered perturbation of stationary magnetic field structure and found that acceleration takes place in the regions where the Alfvén resonant condition with the eigenmodes in the jet is fulfilled, i.e. where the local Alfvén speed is equal to the phase s...

The flow patterns emerging at a catheter migrating close to the simulated superior vena cava (SVC) wall has been investigated for jet to cross stream velocity ratios of 3 and 6 experimentally. As the catheter moves close to the SVC wall, changes in the jet behavior can potentially cause health problems to the patient. In this study, time-averaged velocity, vorticity, and Reynolds stress correla...

Many nuclear power plants report high cycle thermal fatigue in their cooling system, caused by temperature fluctuation in a non-isothermal mixing area. One of these areas is the T-junction, in which fluids of various temperatures and velocities blend. The objective of this research is to classify turbulent jet mechanics in order to examine the flow-field structure under various operating condit...