Anesthesia for electroconvulsive therapy (ECT) usually involves the intravenous (IV) administration of drugs such as methohexital, thiopental, propofol, etomidate, or ketamine. Sevoflurane is an inhalational anesthetic agent that has been available past 3 decades. Although many studies have examined sevoflurane in context ECT, treatment guidelines make either no mention only passing its potenti...

The present study was conducted with the aim of comparing the effects of premedication with ketoprofen and midazolam in birds. A total of 24 male pigeons with an approximate weight of 300 g were divided into four equal groups. The control group (Group I) was injected with ketamine alone. Groups II-IV were injected with ketoprofen alone, ketoprofen+ketamine, and midazolam+ketamine, respectively....

Objectives:The aim of the present study was to assess the analgesic efficacy of IV ketamine injection inaddition to nephrostomy tract infiltration of ketamine – bupivacaine on postoperative pain relief after tubeless percutaneous nephrolithotomy (PCNL). Patients and Methods: Patients (n = 100), with renal stone who were candidates for PCNL were randomized to five groups with 20 cases in each: G...

Objectives:The aim of the present study was to assess the analgesic efficacy of IV ketamine injection inaddition to nephrostomy tract infiltration of ketamine – bupivacaine on postoperative pain relief after tubeless percutaneous nephrolithotomy (PCNL). Patients and Methods: Patients (n = 100), with renal stone who were candidates for PCNL were randomized to five groups with 20 cases in each: G...

Background: Preemptive analgesia is a method to provide effective pain relief after the surgery. This study was designed compare effects of single analgesic Ketamine intravenous (IV) versus combination low dose and Parecoxib IV as preemptive multimodal in patients undergoing Laparoscopic Cholecystectomy. Methods: prospective, randomized, double blind 48 laparoscopic cholecystectomy. The populat...

BACKGROUND Scoliosis repair is a major orthopaedic surgery associated with severe post-operative pain. Ketamine and magnesium have an established efficacy as morphine-sparing agents. Our purpose was to evaluate the morphine-sparing effect of both magnesium and ketamine given simultaneously compared with ketamine alone during scoliosis surgery. METHODS Fifty patients scheduled for posterior in...

INTRODUCTION The objective of this study was to evaluate the interaction between ozone oxidative preconditioning and the anesthetic ketamine on cytoplasmic nuclear factor κB (NF-κB) levels in a rat endotoxic shock model. MATERIAL AND METHODS Forty Wistar rats were randomly divided into 5 groups: I - control group; II - rats intraperitoneally (i.p.) treated with LPS; III - rats treated with LP...

INTRODUCTION The selective medication for pain control in many clinical situations is morphine but its complications prevent its widespread use. Ketamine has been introduced as an alternative for morphine in some studies. However, the efficacy of its solitary use has not yet been evaluated. Therefore, the present study was undertaken to evaluate the effect of ketamine alone in relieving pain in...

OBJECTIVE Ketamine has demonstrated rapid antidepressant effects in patients with treatment-resistant depression (TRD); however, the safety and tolerability of ketamine in this population have not been fully described. Herein we report the largest study to date of the safety, tolerability, and acceptability of ketamine in TRD. METHOD Data from 205 intravenous (IV) ketamine infusions (0.5 mg/k...