Experimental diabetes consistently reduces the concentration of free myo-inositol in peripheral nerve, which usually exceeds that of plasma by 90-100-fold. This phenomenon has been explicitly linked to the impairment of nerve conduction in the acutely diabetic streptozocin-treated rat. However, the mechanism by which acute experimental diabetes lowers nerve myo-inositol content and presumably a...

The production of inositol phosphates in response to gonadotropin releasing hormone (GnRH) was studied in rat anterior pituitary tissue preincubated with [3H]inositol. Prelabelled paired hemipituitaries from prepubertal female rats were incubated in the presence or absence of GnRH in medium containing 10 mM-Li+ X Li+, which inhibits myo-inositol-1-phosphatase, greatly amplified the stimulation ...

The role of myo-inositol as an osmolyte was studied in cultured rat liver macrophages (Kupffer cells). Hyperosmotic exposure of Kupffer cells stimulated myo-inositol uptake and led to an increase in the mRNA levels for the sodium/myo-inositol cotransporter (SMIT). Conversely, hypo-osmotic (205 m-osM) exposure diminished myo-inositol uptake when compared with normo-osmotic (305 m-osM) control in...

myo-Inositol plays a key role in signal transduction and osmotic regulation events in the CNS. Despite the known high concentrations of inositol in the human CNS, relatively little is known about its distribution within the different cell types. In this report, inositol homeostasis was studied in NT2-N cells, a unique cell culture model of human CNS neurons. Differentiation of precursor NT2 ter...

The production and metabolism of inositol 1,4,5-trisphosphate (Ins-1,4,5-P3) and other inositol polyphosphates was studied in cultured bovine adrenal glomerulosa cells prelabeled for 24 h with [3H]inositol. During stimulation with angiotensin II, Ins-1,4,5-P3 increased to a peak of 15-fold above basal within 10 s, followed by a second phase of continuous increase over the next 30 min. Ins-1,4,5...

The social amoeba Dictyostelium discoideum was instrumental in the discovery and early characterization of inositol pyrophosphates, a class of molecules possessing highly-energetic pyrophosphate bonds. Inositol pyrophosphates regulate diverse biological processes and are attracting attention due to their ability to control energy metabolism and insulin signalling. However, inositol pyrophosphat...

• Synthesis of a chromogenic analogue myo -inositol hexaphosphate. Amenable to g-scale. Docking experiments confirmed the compatibility with active site phytases. Phytases operate experimentally this fluorogenic substrate. A new pentakisphosphate was synthesized, which featured dansyl group at position C-5. The fluorescent tag removed from inositol by 6-atom spacer prevent detrimental steric in...

Activation of muscarinic receptors in rat parotid cells results in breakdown of polyphosphoinositides liberating inositol phosphates, including inositol trisphosphate. Formation of inositol trisphosphate appears independent of agonist-induced Ca2+ mobilization, since neither formation nor degradation of inositol trisphosphate are appreciably altered in low-calcium media, and elevation of cytoso...

BACKGROUND Lithium and valproate (VPA) are used for treating bipolar disorder. The mechanism of mood stabilization has not been elucidated, but the role of inositol has gained substantial support. Lithium inhibition of inositol monophosphatase, an enzyme required for inositol recycling and de novo synthesis, suggested the hypothesis that lithium depletes brain inositol and attenuates phosphoino...

The stimulation of the formation of inositol phosphates by various cholinergic agonists and antagonists was studied in rat brain cortical slices. Incubation of the slices with [3H]inositol led to the incorporation of radioactivity into inositol lipids. The accumulation of inositol phosphates was then followed in the presence of 8 mM lithium which blocks the hydrolysis of inositol phosphate. The...