The market for developing country sovereign debt has become increasingly competitive. Is this necessarily good for welfare? Or, is there scope for beneficial government intervention to reduce competition, and promote coordination, among creditors? This paper reviews recent theoretical work on the market for developing country sovereign debt that shows that competition can reduce welfare. Furthe...

In recent years, the construction of commercial complexes has been increasingly grown across the country. However, only some of them have been successful to accommodate a large number of visitors while others are constantly changing the commercial units’ use. Meanwhile the lack of demand for commercial units in the form of multi-purpose complexes as well as recent general recession in the count...

Congestion is one of the main issues in data envelopment analyses which have particular importance. Recently researches about congestion, whether in economic articles or in Operations Research articles in had grown increasingly. Congestion is a wasteful stage of the production process where outputs are reduced due to excessive amount of inputs. In economics, congestion is very important because...

the biotechnology industry has grown rapidly in recent years, doubling in size between 2004 and 2014. much attention is given to the potential of the biotechnology industry, from drugs and environmental products currently in the pipeline. these products have the potential to generate tremendous opportunities for society, by improving the quality of health care and producing a cleaner environmen...

In recent years, the construction of commercial complexes has been increasingly grown across the country. However, only some of them have been successful to accommodate a large number of visitors while others are constantly changing the commercial units’ use. Meanwhile the lack of demand for commercial units in the form of multi-purpose complexes as well as recent general recession in the count...

abstract: acupuncture is increasingly used in children; however, the safety of pediatric acupuncture has yet to be reported from systematic review. acupuncture has become a dominant complementary and alternative modality in clinical practice today but its associated risk has been questioned. the national institutes of health consensus statement states “one of the advantages of acupuncture is th...

China, whose population has grown from 556 million in 1950 to 1.3 billion today, has grown tremendously in the last century, internationally, economically, and socially. The Chinese economy’s growth is 7-8% per year according to statistics by the Chinese government, and is among the fastest growing internationally. It is because of China’s growing role today that it is important to focus on thi...