Due to the lack of reliable and/or inexpensive hardware sensors in cement grinding, development of software sensors is particularly significant for control and monitoring purposes. In this study, a nonlinear distributed-parameter, full-horizon observer is designed, which allows the contents of the mill to be described in terms of hold-up and particle size distribution. When measurements are ava...

This study investigated the effect of grinding media on fine-grinding performance in wet tumbling mill. Comparative experiments between cylpebs and ceramic balls were conducted a laboratory ball mill under various conditions, such as different total masses, surface areas, numbers. The results indicated that produce slightly smaller instantaneous breakage rate than due to their small bulk densit...

Many procedures have been described (Umbreit et al., 1957) for the mechanical rupturing of yeast and bacterial cells. These techniques vary from simple hand grinding with abrasives to the use of extrusion or high speed shaking devices. These techniques, although generally satisfactory when dealing with small quantities of cells, are unsuitable for breaking larger quantities of cells required in...

Ethenzamide solids as a representative active pharmaceutical ingredient (API) were batch-ground by means of a fluidized-bed jet-mill which is a relatively new equipment and promising for production in the pharmaceutical field. Thus, the characteristic grinding mechanism was investigated. As a result, the variation of the residual ratio with grinding time after milling was expressed simply by a ...

This work presents a PCD (polycrystalline diamond) end mill with a new staggered structure for the milling of CFRP (carbon fiber reinforced plastic). The magnitude and direction of cutting force is decreased and changed by side-edge re-configuration of the structure. The flute and insert pocket of the staggered PCD end mill are designed considering the tool’s stiffness and welding process. The ...