Recently, many cases of autoimmune limbic encephalitis with positive GAD65 (glutamic acid decarboxylase) antibodies have been described in the scientific literature. However, it remains an understudied topic of great relevance to practicing neurologists. Thus, we report here a review of published cases, in English, of autoimmune limbic encephalitis with this type of antibodies, focusing on pres...

Autoantibodies to the 65-kDa isoform of glutamate decarboxylase GAD65 (GAD65Ab) are strong candidates for a pathological role in Stiff-Person syndrome (SPS). We have analyzed the binding specificity of the GAD65Ab in serum and cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) of 12 patients with SPS by competitive displacement studies with GAD65-specific rFab-derived from a number of human and mouse mAbs specific for ...

T cell recognition of autoantigens is critical to progressive immune-mediated destruction of islet cells, which leads to autoimmune diabetes. We identified a naturally presented autoantigen from the human islet antigen glutamic acid decarboxylase, 65-kDa isoform (GAD65), by using a combination of chromatography and mass spectrometry of peptides bound by the type I diabetes (insulin-dependent di...

Master Degree Student, Laboratory of Panic & Respiration, Institute of Psychiatry, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, INCT Translational Medicine, Rio de Janeiro RJ, Brazil; Assistant Professor, Neurology Service, State of Rio de Janeiro University, Rio de Janeiro RJ, Brazil; Assistant Professor, Federal University of State of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro RJ, Brazil; Associate Professor. L...

HD (Huntington's disease) is caused by an expanded polyQ (polyglutamine) repeat in the htt (huntingtin protein). GABAergic medium spiny neurons in the striatum are mostly affected in HD. However, mhtt (mutant huntingtin)-induced molecular changes in these neurons remain largely unknown. The present study focuses on the effect of mhtt on the subcellular localization of GAD (glutamic acid decarbo...

OBJECTIVE To describe novel neurological manifestations associated with glutamic acid decarboxylase (GAD65) autoimmunity. PATIENTS AND METHODS This retrospective study (1987-2003) describes 62 patients Incidentally found to have a serum autoantibody that bound selectively to synapse-rich central nervous system tissues. The immunostaining pattern was determined to be GAD65-specific by radiolmm...

Objective: To characterize the phenotype of a large population of Italian patients with adult onset ($40 years) diabetes who were attending outpatient clinics and who were screened for glutamic acid decarboxylase 65 autoantibodies (GADA), protein tyrosine phosphatase IA-2 (IA-2A) and IA2b/phogrin (IA-2bA). Design and methods: This was a cross-sectional study comprising a total of 881 patients, ...

Highly reliable biomarkers for the diagnosis of neurological diseases are not widely available. Here we evaluated a luciferase immunoprecipitation technology (LIPS) for the diagnosis of a CNS autoimmune disorder, stiff-person syndrome (SPS). Analysis by LIPS of 40 sera samples from SPS and control subjects for anti-GAD65 antibodies revealed dramatic titer differences allowing diagnosis of SPS w...

OBJECTIVE We tested whether antibody screening samples of patients with suspected autoimmune encephalitis with additional research assays would improve the detection of autoimmune encephalitis compared with standard clinical testing alone. METHODS We examined 731 samples (333 CSF, 182 sera, and 108 pairs) from a cohort of 623 patients who were tested for CNS autoantibodies by the University o...