Most of the existing generation of general circulation models (GCMs) use so-called bucket algorithms to represent land-surface hydrology. Biosphere-atmosphere models that include the transfer of energy, mass, and momentum between the atmosphere and the land surface are a recent alternative to this highly simplified representation of the land surface in GCMs. These models require estimation of a...

[1] The rate at which the outgoing longwave radiation (OLR) responds to perturbations in temperature and moisture plays a fundamental role in determining climate sensitivity. This study examines the clear-sky OLR sensitivities to temperature and water vapor, as quantified by its partial derivatives (radiative Jacobians). The Jacobians, as computed by the Geophysical Fluid Dynamics Laboratory (G...

This study assesses the performance of historical rainfall data from Coupled Model Intercomparison Project phase 6 (CMIP6) in reproducing spatial and temporal variability over North Africa. Datasets Climatic Research Unit (CRU) Global Precipitation Climatology Centre (GPCC) are used as proxy to observational datasets examine capability 15 CMIP6 models’ their ensemble simulating during 1951–2014...

We use two coupled climate models, GFDL-CM4 and GFDL-ESM4, to investigate the physical response of Southern Ocean changes in surface wind stress, Antarctic meltwater, combined forcing a pre-industrial control simulation. The meltwater cools ocean all regions except Weddell Sea, where stress warms near-surface layer. limited sensitivity Sea layer is due spatial distribution fluxes, regional bath...

La gestión del recurso hídrico es prioritaria en la agenda de Organización las Naciones Unidas. Tres vectores son esenciales, cantidad, calidad y escenarios cambio climático el hídrico. En región centro Tamaulipas, México, destaca red fluvial cuenca río Soto Marina, con los ríos Corona, Purificación Pilón, como principales tributarios. esta existen importantes volúmenes aguas residuales otros v...

The Mlech Water Treatment Plant (WTP) has produced 2,000 m3/day of drinking water using raw from Mlech, Kampot province. Since demand would be increased in the future, so that extension treatment capacity will main challenges correspondence with development planning PPWSA. balance estimation is also critical point order to make a good decision on WTP at existing area. Therefore, objectives this...

Palaeoclimatology provides our only means of assessing climatic variations before the beginning of instrumental records. The various proxy variables used, however, have a number of limitations which must be adequately addressed and understood. Besides their obvious spatial and seasonal limitations, different proxies are also potentially limited in their ability to represent climatic variations ...