A large — but unknown — number of alien species have become established in ecosystems across the United States, where some are causing serious damage. Forests of the Northeast have been particularly impacted by exotic species ranging from insects to starlings, and from herbaceous plants to pathogens. Government trade policies exacerbate the threat of new introductions. Funding shortfalls hamper...

Outcomes from the 22nd meeting for Specialists in Air Pollution Effects on Forest Ecosystems "Forests under Anthropogenic Pressure--Effects of Air Pollution, Climate Change and Urban Development", September 10-16, 2006, Riverside, CA, are summarized. Tropospheric or ground-level ozone (O3) is still the phytotoxic air pollutant of major interest. Challenging issues are how to make O3 standards o...

Bee keeping is indispensable to global food production. It is an alternate income source, especially in rural underdeveloped African settlements, and an important forest conservation incentive. However, dwindling honeybee colonies around the world are attributed to pests and diseases whose spatial distribution and influences are not well established. In this study, we used remotely sensed data ...

As forest geneticists consider physiological adaptations of forest tree populations under various climate change scenarios, they must also take into account likely impacts from new insect pest and disease introductions, as well as increased natural disturbances from native pests. What lessons can be learned from past investments in disease and pest resistance research and genetic improvement, p...

Humans rely on healthy forests to supply energy, building materials, and food and to provide services such as storing carbon, hosting biodiversity, and regulating climate. Defining forest health integrates utilitarian and ecosystem measures of forest condition and function, implemented across a range of spatial scales. Although native forests are adapted to some level of disturbance, all forest...

We review and synthesize information on invasions of nonnative forest insects and diseases in the United States, including their ecological and economic impacts, pathways of arrival, distribution within the United States, and policy options for reducing future invasions. Nonnative insects have accumulated in United States forests at a rate of ~2.5 per yr over the last 150 yr. Currently the two ...

This article presents the results of study apple’s homoptera pests in forest communities Fergana Valley, biological features, harmfulness, features development phases, specific composition most harmful species, food relations, their natural enemies and recommended measures to control them. Species that are a component entomocenoses cultural landscapes negative impact on have been established. I...

Forest pests can cause massive ecological and economic damage worldwide. Ecologically sound solutions to diminish forest insect pest impacts include the use of their natural enemies, such as predators parasitoids, well entomopathogenic fungi, bacteria or viruses. Phytochemical compounds mediate most interactions between these organisms, but knowledge chemically mediated multitrophic relationshi...

Quarantine measures to prevent insect invasions tend to focus on well-known pests but a large proportion of the recent invaders were not known to cause significant damage in their native range, or were not even known to science before their introduction. A novel method is proposed to detect new potential pests of woody plants in their region of origin before they are introduced to a new contine...