OBJECTIVE To summarize house fire injury risk factor data, using relative risk estimation as a uniform method of comparison. METHODS Residential fire risk factor studies were identified as follows: MEDLINE (1983 to March 1997) was searched using the keywords fire*/burn*, with etiology/cause*, prevention, epidemiology, and smoke detector* or alarm*. ERIC (1966 to March 1997) and PSYCLIT (1974 ...

In general, every house or shop has the possibility of experiencing a fire, which is caused by many factors. We need fire detection tool that will notify building owner so it can be handled early and effectively. this research, an Internet Things Based Fire Detector Design made using NodeMCU Microcontroller to detect smoke determine occurrence IR Flame Sensor[1] MQ-2 Sensor[2], [4], where input...

Quantum mechanically, there is a key difference. Consider the quantum mechanical equivalent of coin-tossing, namely letting an electron (or photon) “go through” a two-slit screen, with two detectors placed close to the screen on the other side. One and only one of the detectors will always fire. The top (bottom) detector firing would be the quantum mechanical equivalent of heads (tails). Quantu...

In this paper we show the suitability of a miniaturized tunable diode laser spectroscopy (TDLS)-based carbon-monoxide (CO) sensor for fire detection applications. The sensor utilizes a vertical-cavity surface-emitting laser (VCSEL) and inherent calibration scheme with reference gas filled in the photodetector housing. The fire-detection experiments are carried out under realistic conditions as ...

This study confirms the applicability of cross-detection by analyzing response characteristics smoke and carbon monoxide detectors, to reduce non-firm alarms. Based on results previous studies, various scenarios reflecting non-fire conditions in Korea were selected, conduct experiments confirm change concentration detectors based measurement location. Although was detected earlier than near hea...

The objective of this work was to investigate preliminary design criteria of automatic fire alarm systems for some places with high flow velocity, e.g., exits of large underground car parks, the air outlets of large air conditioner etc. In addition, another main motivation of this research is to evaluate the appropriateness of Chinese standard which states that photoelectrics should be used in ...