We validated 3D radiochromic film dosimetry for volumetric modulated arc therapy (VMAT) using a newly developed spiral water phantom. The phantom consists of a main body and an insert box, each of which has an acrylic wall thickness of 3 mm and is filled with water. The insert box includes a spiral film box used for dose-distribution measurement, and a film holder for positioning a radiochromic...

TiO2 surfactant-templated nanostructured film was fabricated by supramolecular templating technique using TiCl4 and P-123 as raw material and surfactant, respectively. The film was produced by sol-gel dip coating procedure. Characterization of the product was carried out by means of X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), Brunauer-Emmett-Teller (BET) specific surface areas,...

morphology of surface oxide film formed during pouring of molten magnesium alloy has been investigated. due to surface turbulence during casting, the oxide film necessarily makes folded cause in a dry surface to dry surface mode creating a double oxide film with the volume of air that can be encapsulated between folds of the film and this led to make gas bubbles or shrinkage cavities form. thes...

in this paper, zno thin film is deposited on slide glass substrate using the sol-gel process. presenting well-defined orientation of zno thin films nanostructure were obtained by dip coating of zinc acetate dihydrate, monoethanolamine (mea), de-ionized water and isopropanol alcohol. the annealed zno thin films were transparent ca 85-90% in visible range with an absorption edges at about 375 nm....

A general framework for the domain size in any ultrathin film with perpendicular magnetic anisotropy is here discussed. The domain structure is analyzed by using the classical theory taking into consideration the demagnetization field contribution to the domain wall energy. A sinusoidal model is considered to describe the domain structure while approaching, in two different cases, the monodomai...

Traditionally in the United States, large size chest x-ray film examinations are made with 14 x 17 inch ifims in 15 x 18 inch cassettes. When a survey minifilm reveals a questionable disease process, large films are ordered for further study. This film has become the accepted size through years of routine practice. Its use is habitual and specified in practically all hospitals, clinics and doct...

For high T, superconducting multilayer applications, smooth interfaces between the individual layers are required. However, in general, e.g., YBaCuO grows in a 3D screw-dislocation or island nucleation growth mode, introducing a surface roughness, in this contribution we stud) the surface layer roughness as a function of different deposition techniques as well as deposition parameters. Special ...