Related Articles Lagrangian evolution of the invariants of the velocity gradient tensor in a turbulent boundary layer Phys. Fluids 24, 105104 (2012) Effects of moderate Reynolds numbers on subsonic round jets with highly disturbed nozzle-exit boundary layers Phys. Fluids 24, 105107 (2012) Particle transport in a turbulent boundary layer: Non-local closures for particle dispersion tensors accoun...

In hydraulic structures design, using cutoff walls is essential to reduce and control the resultant uplift force (U), seepage discharge (Q), exit gradient (i). This research investigates effectiveness of inclined double under structures, considering influence depths, locations, inclination angles upstream downstream by Finite Element Method (FEM). The results confirmed that installing a deeper ...

introduction evaluation of the delivered dose of externally wedged photon beams by external diode dosimeters during the treatment process requires the estimation of exit surface dose correction factors in various wedge angles and field sizes. materials and methods a system of absorbed dose evaluation, using p-type diode dosimeters placed on the exit surface of a phantom, was characterized for e...

Related Articles Lagrangian evolution of the invariants of the velocity gradient tensor in a turbulent boundary layer Phys. Fluids 24, 105104 (2012) Effects of moderate Reynolds numbers on subsonic round jets with highly disturbed nozzle-exit boundary layers Phys. Fluids 24, 105107 (2012) Particle transport in a turbulent boundary layer: Non-local closures for particle dispersion tensors accoun...

Related Articles Lagrangian evolution of the invariants of the velocity gradient tensor in a turbulent boundary layer Phys. Fluids 24, 105104 (2012) Effects of moderate Reynolds numbers on subsonic round jets with highly disturbed nozzle-exit boundary layers Phys. Fluids 24, 105107 (2012) Particle transport in a turbulent boundary layer: Non-local closures for particle dispersion tensors accoun...

Related Articles Lagrangian evolution of the invariants of the velocity gradient tensor in a turbulent boundary layer Phys. Fluids 24, 105104 (2012) Effects of moderate Reynolds numbers on subsonic round jets with highly disturbed nozzle-exit boundary layers Phys. Fluids 24, 105107 (2012) Particle transport in a turbulent boundary layer: Non-local closures for particle dispersion tensors accoun...

Double-barrelled ion-selective microelectrodes were used to measure Na+, K+ and Clactivities in the principal cells of cricket Malpighian tubules, allowing electrochemical gradients across apical and basal membranes to be calculated. At the basal membrane, K+ and Clgradients support passive exit into the bathing medium. A thermodynamic analysis shows both ions can be taken up by Na+/K+/2Clcotra...

Related Articles Lagrangian evolution of the invariants of the velocity gradient tensor in a turbulent boundary layer Phys. Fluids 24, 105104 (2012) Effects of moderate Reynolds numbers on subsonic round jets with highly disturbed nozzle-exit boundary layers Phys. Fluids 24, 105107 (2012) Particle transport in a turbulent boundary layer: Non-local closures for particle dispersion tensors accoun...

Related Articles Lagrangian evolution of the invariants of the velocity gradient tensor in a turbulent boundary layer Phys. Fluids 24, 105104 (2012) Effects of moderate Reynolds numbers on subsonic round jets with highly disturbed nozzle-exit boundary layers Phys. Fluids 24, 105107 (2012) Particle transport in a turbulent boundary layer: Non-local closures for particle dispersion tensors accoun...

We study an evolution equation proposed by Chapman-Rubinstein-Schatzman as a mean-field model for the evolution of the vortex-density in a superconductor. We treat the case of a bounded domain where vortices can exit or enter the domain. We show that the equation can be derived rigorously as the gradient-flow of some specific energy for the Riemannian structure induced by the Wasserstein distan...