a difference in salt concentration in two solutions separated by a membrane leads to an electrical potential difference across the membrane, also without applied current. a literature study is presented on proposed theories for the origin of this membrane potential (ϕm). the most well-known theoretical description is teorell-meyer-sievers (tms) theory, which we analyze and extend. experimental ...

In this paper, the silicon-containing sulfonated polystyrene/acrylate–ionic liquid (Si-SPS/A–IL)hybrid membranes was prepared to obtain the proton exchange membrane (PEM) materials withhigh methanol barrier and good selectivity. The Si-SPS/A–IL hybrid membranes characterized asthe function of IL to evaluate their potential as PEMs in direct methanol fuel cells (DMFCs).Fourdifferent Hybrid mater...

Polyacrylonitrile-co-sodium methallylsulfonate copolymer (AN69) and polysulfone (PSf) synthetic membranes were prepared and used for the removal of methylene blue (MB) from water. Atomic Force Microscopy (AFM), Ionic exchange capacity (IEC), and Swelling ratio (Sr) were employed to determine the membrane characteristics. pH, membrane composition and initial dye concentration were used for t...

in the present study, a new gas diffusion electrode (gde) (based on pt/nafion membrane) is fabricated. the electrochemical results show that the new gde has the highest electrochemical activity toward the oxygen reduction reaction (orr) among the three electrodes. the sem and xrd findings show that a platinum layer can be attached to nafion membrane closely and firmly with a strong peak corresp...

a  new  type  of  cation-exchange  nanocomposite  membranes  was prepared  by  in-situ  formation  of  zno  nanoparticles  in  a  blend containing  sulfonated  poly  (2,6-dimethyl-1,4-phenylene  oxide)  and sulfonated polyvinylchloride  via  a  simple  one-step  chemical method.  as-synthesized  nanocomposite  membranes were characterized  using  fourier  transform  infrared  spectroscopy, scan...