Objective: To determine the frequency of various anatomical variations of the cystic duct observed during open cholecystectomy in our set up. Methodology: This study was conducted at department of surgery, Khyber Medical University (KMU), Institute of Medical Sciences (KIMS), Kohat, and a private surgical centre at Kohat, Pakistan. Adult patients of both genders, who underwent open cholecystect...

introduction: this study was done to determine the site of obstruction in lacrimal drainage system in asian patients suffering from epiphora and to determine the transit time taken for the tracer material to reach the lacrimal sac and the nasal cavity. methods:dacryoscintigraphy was performed using radionuclide technetium-99m pertechnetate (99mtc) in 34 patients suffering from unilateral or bil...

Mirizzi's syndrome is a rare complication of gallstone disease, that gallbladder lumen can lie alongside the common hepatic duct, resulting in inflammation and resultant bile duct stricture. Most cases are not identified preoperatively. Variations of the cystic duct and its point of union with the common hepatic duct are surgically important. Here, we present an unusual case of type I Mirizzi's...

Background: Patients with cholestatic liver function tests and histological features of primary sclerosing cholangitis (PSC) but a normal cholangiogram are considered to have small duct PSC. The natural history of this condition is unknown. Methods: Thirty three patients with small duct PSC were identified among patients admitted for diagnostic workup of cholestatic liver function tests in one ...

OBJECTIVES We attempted to clarify the mechanism underlying lower bile duct stricture in autoimmune pancreatitis. METHODS Imaging and histologic finding of the bile duct were assessed for 73 patients with autoimmune pancreatitis to clarify whether IgG4-related biliary inflammation or pancreatic head swelling is associated with lower bile duct stricture. RESULTS Lower bile duct stricture was...

Thyroglossal duct cyst is a well-known congenital entity, and its embryonic development and clinical presentation are well understood. Very little can be added to the classic material found in the world literature. Rare cases of unusual clinical presentation have also been reported. Our case of endolaryngeal thyroglossal duct cyst is reported because of its unique endolaryngeal presentation...

Ejaculatory duct obstruction (EDO) underlies 1-5% of male infertility, although the diagnosis of EDO can be complex, treatment is well established and can be very effective. Part of reason that this condition probably is underdiagnosed, is because of its rarity, subtle presentation and the concomitantly low index of suspicion held by physicians. The causes of EDO are divided into congenital and...

BACKGROUND Patients with cholestatic liver function tests and histological features of primary sclerosing cholangitis (PSC) but a normal cholangiogram are considered to have small duct PSC. The natural history of this condition is unknown. METHODS Thirty three patients with small duct PSC were identified among patients admitted for diagnostic workup of cholestatic liver function tests in one ...

An experimental investigation was conducted to study the average and the fully-developed heat (mass) transfer coefficients in a rectangular smooth duct and a duct with repeated-baffle blockages. The focus of attention in this work is the conventional correlation Nu / Nufd 1 + C / ( X / D ) for the average heat transfer coefficient. It was shown that for relatively short ducts, the coefficient C...