Endocrine disruptors are known to cause harmful effects to human through various exposure routes. These chemicals mainly appear to interfere with the endocrine or hormone systems. As importantly, numerous studies have demonstrated that the accumulation of endocrine disruptors can induce fatal disorders including obesity and cancer. Using diverse biological tools, the potential molecular mechani...

BACKGROUND Several studies have evaluated the clinical effectiveness of endocrine therapy alone in women aged 70 years or over and who are fit for surgery. OBJECTIVES To identify and review the evidence from randomised trials comparing primary endocrine therapy (endocrine therapy alone) to surgery, with or without adjuvant endocrine therapy, in the management of women aged 70 years or over wi...

Metastatic hormone receptor-positive (HR+) human epidermal growth factor receptor 2-negative (HER2-) breast cancer survival outcomes have improved significantly; however, once endocrine resistance develops, response rates to systemic treatments are limited. Within the developing field of antibody–drug conjugates, TROPiCS-02 study showed a significant improvement in progression-free with sacituz...

Although prognostic markers for early estrogen receptor (ER)-positive breast cancer have been extensively developed, predictive markers for adjuvant endocrine therapy are still lacking. Focusing on the mechanisms underlying endocrine resistance, we investigated whether the endocrine sensitivity of ER-positive breast cancer cells was correlated with the expression of aspartate-β-hydroxylase (ASP...

The diagnosis of a paraneoplastic syndrome (PNS) may precede, follow or be concurrent with the diagnosis of a malignant tumor. There is increasing knowledge of association between PNS and head and neck cancers, but the relationship between oral cancer and paraneoplastic disease has not been previously investigated. PNS associated with head and neck cancer can be divided into six main groups: en...

Expression of oestrogen receptor (ESR1) determines whether a breast cancer patient receives endocrine therapy, but does not guarantee patient response. The molecular factors that define endocrine response in ESR1-positive breast cancer patients remain poorly understood. Here we characterize the DNA methylome of endocrine sensitivity and demonstrate the potential impact of differential DNA methy...

Multiple endocrine neoplasia syndrome type 1 (MEN1) syndrome has benefited from the identification of the gene whose mutations account for the genetic susceptibility to develop endocrine tumors. Asymptomatic MEN1 mutant carriers need to be clearly recognized because the gene-related mutations confer a high risk of multiple primary cancers, occur at younger ages, and affect multiple family membe...

Cancer is one of the most fatal diseases in human beings which annually leads to death of 30000 individuals in Iran. Prevention, diagnosis and treatment of cancer is one of the major scientific challenges all around the world. It seems that increased incidence of several cancers such as colon and prostate and their mortality are connected with obesity. It is suggested that obesity and metabolic...