Electronic exchange of sanitary and phytosanitary certificates can facilitate trade in animal plant products. The electronic benefit both exporting importing countries through enhanced efficiency gains, improved transparency, traceability, as well risk management along the food chain. However, policy levers associated with e-sanitary certification systems are complex include policies, regulator...

In this paper, we have focused on using the bolero.net community in the semantic web and grid environment. Bolero.net represents a community with the ambitious initiatives to standardise world trade messaging and to create a community for more efficient international trade. Bolero.net uses a protocol called boleroXML that represents a set of standard electronic documents with the aim of facilit...

Many markets, including the travel, music, and book markets, are undergoing dramatic changes due do the development of electronic commerce. Reseller margins often decrease significantly and sometimes even entire links in the supply chain are becoming completely superfluous. Even though power markets have been deregulated already for some years in many countries, electronic commerce has not yet ...

The advancement of information technology has allowed firms that participate in supply chain management to share information across organizational boundaries. An innovative transaction process which is electronically supported may lead to efficiency gaining and cost reducing, at the same time it enhances the operational effectiveness. The implementation of electronic supply chain in internation...

In reverse supply chain of e-waste, collectors (collecting e-waste from all kinds of resources) and processors (disassembling and disposing e-waste) play key roles and have connections based on interests. We present a Stackelberg leader(collector)follower(processor) dynamic game model with profit maximization purpose. When the supply and demand are relatively clear, major risk for the processor...

We analyze the anonymous communication patterns of 2.5 million customers of a Belgian mobile phone operator. Grouping customers by billing address, we build a social network of cities that consists of communications between 571 cities in Belgium. We show that inter-city communication intensity is characterized by a gravity model: the communication intensity between two cities is proportional to...

track the movement of goods. However, electronic trading in this sector raises difficult issues with regard to the international regulation of electronic trading, and logistical problems arising from the need to interconnect network users in different geographical regions. The case studies illustrate the potential to exploit the benefits of linking sec-toral electronic networks. The existing de...

Purpose – E-trade, electronic trading appears to offer increased efficiency in business processes, but only a limited number of small firms have adopted the new processes. The purpose of this paper is to try to establish the obstacles, the perceived barriers, to the continuing use of e-trade technologies by small Korean firms. Design/methodology/approach – The literature was employed to develop...