Compared with apolipoprotein E3 (apoE3), apoE2 is less effective in mediating the binding of lipoproteins to the low-density lipoprotein (LDL) receptor. The influence of the E4 isoform, which is associated with adverse effects on plasma lipids and coronary heart disease, is less clear. We compared the ability of very low density lipoprotein (VLDL) and LDL from paired E4/4 and E3/3 subjects to c...

Estetrol (E4) is a fetal estrogen with estrogenic effects on reproductive organs and bone in preclinical models and in postmenopausal women. However, E4 exerts antiestrogenic effects on breast cancer (BC) cell growth in vitro and in vivo. We have investigated the effect of 14 days preoperative treatment with 20mg E4 per day on tumor proliferation markers, sex steroid receptor expression and end...

OBJECTIVES Declines in brain glucose metabolism have been described early in Alzheimer's disease (AD), and there is evidence that a genetic predisposition to AD contributes to accelerate this process. The epsilon 4 (e4) allele of the apolipoprotein E (ApoE) gene has been implicated as a major risk factor in this process. The aim of this FDG-PET study was to assess the ApoE e4 dose related effec...

Head injury and apolipoprotein E (APOE)-epsilon 4 (e4) genotype have each been associated with increased risk of Alzheimer's disease. If APOE-e4 affects neuronal viability and branching, and if response to head injury differs in e4 patients, then the association between head injury and Alzheimer's disease may vary with the presence of the e4 allele. The authors examined this association in a ca...

Guangxi Zhuang, the largest ethnic minority in China, is located in the southern part of the country, and well-known to the world as the longevity village. Studies of apolipoprotein E (APOE) polymorphism in adults suggest the lower frequencies of E4 allele and E4/E4 genotype may account, in part, for the favorable lipid profiles of Guangxi Zhuang. However, the effect of APOE polymorphism on ser...

Estetrol (E4) is a pregnancy-specific D-ring metabolite of estradiol (E2) and estriol (E3) produced by the human fetal liver and present in both male and female fetuses. In adults, female exposure is restricted to the gestational period. We report that E4, dose-dependently, prevents the growth of chemically induced (7,12-dimethylbenz(a)anthracene, DMBA) mammary tumors in female Sprague-Dawley r...

Previous studies by our group showed that infection of human and rodent cells by human adenovirus type 5 (Ad5) results in the induction of p53-independent apoptosis and cell death that are dependent upon transactivation of early region 4 (E4). To identify which E4 products are involved, studies were conducted with p53-deficient human SAOS-2 cells infected with various Ad5 E4 mutants. An E4orf6-...

Background and Purpose—Polymorphism of the apolipoprotein E gene (APOE) may influence outcome after traumatic brain injury and intracerebral hemorrhage, with the e4 allele being associated with poorer prognosis. We investigated APOE allele distribution in acute stroke and the effect of the e4 allele on outcome. Methods—APOE genotypes were determined in 714 stroke patients: 640 ischemic stroke a...

Improving yield is the main aim of plant breeders. In case bread wheat (Triticum aestivum), a major challenge in this regard genotype–environment interactions, and knowledge these required to successfully select high-yielding genotypes. study, graphical numerical approaches diallel analysis have been used reveal such interactions. Ten different genotypes were crossed using half-diallel approach...

BACKGROUND While the evidence of an association between the apolipoprotein E (APOE) *E4 allele and Alzheimer's disease is very strong, the effect of the *E4 allele on cognitive decline in the general population is more equivocal. A cross-sectional study on the lifespan effects of the *E4 allele 1 failed to find any effect of the *E4 allele on cognitive performance at ages 20-24, 40-44 or 60-64 ...